Byzantium
Coregent of Justinian I
Empress Theodora
Instituted to try all religious crimes of heresy which first began in France against all non-Catholic Christians
The Inquisition
Provided guidelines by which Muslims were to live
the Qur'an
The founder of Islam
Muhammad
The expansion of Islam
jihad
Greek based alphabet to help the Slavs create their own written language
Cyrillic Alphabet
Treaty that divided the empire with Lothair retaining the imperial title and led to the formation of France and Germany
Treaty of Verdun
Split between the Orthodox and Catholic churches occurred in 1054
the Great Schism
Donated lands surrounding Rome known as the Papal States and the Carolingians became protectors of the Catholic Church, forming an alliance
Pepin III, the Short
A series of Christian incursions on Islamic territories in the Middle East - it opened the door to trade with Europe
the Crusades
Text that was used as the basis of the King James Bible
Byzantine Text
Nomadic peoples who lived on the Arabian peninsula
bedouin
Replaced martyrdom and demonstrated the perfect way to imitate Christ and to confess one’s faith – live apart from society to focus on God
monasticism
Assumed the title of pontifex maximus or supreme priest and asserted the supremacy of the bishop of Rome
Empire marked by a period of growing economic prosperity and expansion
Abbassid Empire
Famous Byzantine church known for its dome architecture
Hagia Sophia
Tribes that began to migrate to Western Europe that was formerly occupied by Rome
Germanic tribes
Ostrogoths
Visigoths
the Franks
The forbidden use of images and relics as veneration in the Eastern Orthodox Church
Iconoclasm
Proclaimed that the popes are more powerful than kings (Spiritual and Temporal Power)
Pope Gelasius I
Muslim outpost in Cordoba, Spain where centers of learning flourished during the Dark Ages of Europe
Andalusia
Accomplishments of Justinian I
codification of Roman law which became the basis of legal systems throughout Europe
Rebuilt Constantinople the royal palace complex, Hagia Sophia, and the Hippodrome; public works projects
Ruled with his wife who reformed family law
The social, political, military, and economic system where the weaker sought the protection of the stronger and their elements
feudalism
fief- land
lord
vassal - service to the king
serfs - peasants who worked the land
What is the difference between Shi'ite and Sunni Muslims?
Shi’ite – the successor should be from Muhammad’s family
Sunni Muslims – a pious individual
Crowned Emperor of the Romans in 800 C.E. beginning the Holy Roman Empire
He governed through counts who acted as judges through the district law courts known as mallus – divine tests were performed
Charlemagne
Important achievements of Muslim scholars
Preserved and spread the scientific and philosophical achievements of ancient civilizations such as Greece
Made considerable advances of their own in mathematics and the natural sciences
Literature 1001 Arabian Nights - poetry