5.1 Soil
The physical and economic availability of food, ensuring a balanced diet
What is Food Security?
refer to the legal or customary rights individuals and communities have to use, control, and own land.
What are Land Rights
The solid outermost shell of the earth, consisting of crust and upper most mantle. Includes minerals, rocks etc
What is the Lithosphere?
Growing crops for the purpose of selling them for profit
Humus is typically found in this soil profile
O (Organic Layer) A (Top Soil)
the movement of broken-down particles from one location to another. Due to wind, water or gravity
What is Erosion?
Leaf litter and parent rock are examples of this part of a system
What is Input?
Large scale farming focused on producing crops or livestock for sale
What is Commercial Farming
Fully decomposed organic matter. Contributes to structure and properties of soil
What is Humus?
What is Leaching?
Traditonal farming techniques
Nomadic pastoralism, Slash and burn agriculture
This transformation occurs from to much irrigation and causes a build up salt
What is Salinization?
The overuse of __________ _________ can lead to soil acidification, water pollution and greenhouse gas emissions
What are synthetic fertilizers?
Bacteria and Fungi are examples
What are Saprotrophs?
The three types of weathering processess
What is mechanical, chemical and biological?
Constucting embankments along the contours of the fields to hold back water and allow it to infiltrate the soil
What is Bunding?
A type of transformation that occurs in a soil system
Decomposition, weathering or nutrient cycling
Farming that focuses on raising livestock
What is Pastoral Farming
Typically 0.002mm-0.05mm in size. Moderate water retention
What is Silt?
Determined by the proportions of sand, silt and clay
What is Soil Texture?
Key Factors influencing Food Security (4)
organic matter, organisms, nurtients, minerals, air, water
What are Soil Conservation Techniques
Gas transfers such as oxygen diffusing into the soil
What is Aeration?