DNA replication
What 3 parts make up a nucleotide?
Sugar, phosphate and base.
which phase of protein synthesis is translation?
2nd
What is RNA transcript into during the RNA processing?
mRNA
What changes are made if a point mutation has occurred?
Changes one r fewer nucleotide/bases
Is uracil found in DNA or RNA?
RNA
What 2 things does the backbone of the dna molecule have alternating?
Sugar, and phosphate.
What does there amino acid sequence of the molecule determine?
Determines structure and functio.
Where does transcription take place?
Inside the nucleus
When in interphase is it most likely to have a mutation occur?
S phase
If the DNA strand is ACGATT, what is the RNA?
UGCUAA
why does DNA strand only grow in 5’ to 3’ direction?
Because DNA polymerase can only add nucleotides to the 3’ end.
What is the starting codon for most sequences?
AUG
What is the first phase of transcription?
Initiation
What is frame shift caused by?
Caused by insertions and deletions
What structure is just in RNA, and not in DNA?
A single strand
What would be the corresponding strand to CGGTAC?
GCCATG
How many codons are there?
64 codons.
Why is mRNA called messenger RNA?
It sends codes to DNA which then goes to the cytoplasm
Mutagens are chemical or physical agents from what?
the environment
DNA strands run in opposite directions, what is this called?
Antiparallel
If cytosine makes up 38 percent of the nucleotides, what percent of the nucleotides would be thymine?
12%
What is the main acid of the start codon AUG?
Methionine( Met)
What parts make the transcription initiation complex?
RNA polymerase, and proteins
What is a genetic disorder caused by missense?
Sickle Cell Anemia
What did Chargaff discover while studying bases in the DNA?
The adenine and thymine ration were similar along with guanine and cytosine.