Age of Exploration
The global slave trade that transported between 10 and 15 million enslaved Africans across The Atlantic Ocean to the Americas between the 16th and 19th centuries.
Transatlantic Slave Trade
Which Spanish conquistador conquered the Aztecs?
Hernando Cortez
This Renaissance writer wrote such plays as Romeo and Juliet and Hamlet
William Shakespeare
The this was a 16th Century movement to reform the Catholic Church. It led to the formation of new protestant churches.
The Reformation Movement
He came up with the "heliocentric" model of the solar system, where the earth orbits the sun
Nicholas Copernicus
a Portuguese prince who helped start European exploration and trade. He invested heavily into expeditions to sail around the west coast of Africa in attempts to find a route to India.
Also started a **navigation** school
Henry The Navigator/ Prince Henry
What was the first Native American civilization to arrive in the Americas'?
**That Old Ancestor**
The Olmecs
What famous Italian Renaissance Artist constructed works such as The Creation Of Adam, The Last Judgement, and The Sistine Chapel
Michelangelo
What German monk led the Reformation with the posting of The Ninety-Five Theses?
Martin Luther
Who created the first telescope and is considered the Father of Experimental Science?
Hans Lippershey
European explorers were sent to the New World for?
gold, land, and to convert native people to Christianity
3 G's Gold, Gold, Glory
The Native American population of Mexico in 1492 has been estimated at 25 million; the population in 1608 has been at 1.7 million. This decrease in population was mainly a result of...?
1. diseases introduced by the Spanish/Europeans.
2. War w/ Europeans
3. Famine
This family from Florence, Italy owned banks and Financially backed and supported the Renaissance.
The Medici Family
In order to raise funds, the churches began selling ___________________ - a pardon (or forgiveness) of a sin.
indulgences
Dave and his dad were talking about an experience of Dave's when he was out salt-water fishing and appeared to spot a 20 foot-long humanoid figure with fins jump out of the water from a distance. Dave's dad ridiculed him and told him to, "come back to logic-land". What standpoint is Dave's Dad coming from?
Rationalist Standpoint
Why did Europeans enslave people from Africa to work in the Americas? (at least 2 explanations or reasons):
1. Many Africans had been exposed to European diseases and had built up some immunity.
2. Many Africans had experience in farming and could be taught plantation work.
3. Africans were less likely to escape because they did not know their way around the new land.
What Native group practiced terrace farming, used
* quipu's (knots on strings) for counting and built road systems.
**Conquered by Pizzaro**
The Incas
Which invention helped spread the ideas and increase literacy across Europe during the 15th -18th centuries?
The Printing Press
In response to the Reformation the Catholic church held the Council of Trent where they started the __________ to reinforce Catholic Doctrine.
Counter Reformation
What do these steps describe?
1. Ask a question
2. Form a hypothesis
3. Experiment to test hypothesis
4. Analyze data
5. Draw a conclusion
The Scientific Method
What is the Columbian Exchange?
Foods and animals exchanged from Old World to New World
Why were the Spanish conquistadors able to conquer the Mesoamerican populations so easily if they were outnumbered? ( 3 reasons/explanations):
1. Superior weaponry
2. Divide and conquer tactics
3. Disease
Provide a brief summary of Niccolò Machiavelli's argument in Ch. 17 of his book The Prince titled Concerning Cruelty: Whether It Is Better to Be Loved Than to Be Feared.
It would be best to be both, but if not being feared is the necessary. No prince should mind being cruel if it maintains order and discipline in the troops/army. However, you must have just reason for punishment to avoid being hated.
Who excommunicated Luther from church sacraments and summoned him to appear at the Diet of Worms, an assembly of the Holy Roman Empire to be tried?
Pope Leo X
What is the first principle of René Descartes' philosophy?
" I Think, Therefore I am"