DNA & RNA
A polymer of nucleotides that carries hereditary information
What is DNA?
Organic compound made of amino acids, essential for cells
What is a protein?
The internal structure of DNA & RNA made of Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine, & Uracil
What are nitrogen bases?
The sugar found in RNA instead of deoxyribose
What is ribose?
Monomer of nucleic acids; associated with a song
A sugar, a phosphate, nitrogenous base
What is a nucleotide?
Molecules that are the building block of proteins
What are amino acids?
Coiled form of DNA that condenses during interphase
What is chromatin?
What are chromosomes?
The process of using DNA to treat genetic disorders
What is gene therapy?
RNA type that carries DNA's message to ribosomes
What is mRNA?
RNA molecule that transfers amino acids to ribosomes
What is tRNA?
The complete mapping of all human genes
What is the Human Genome Project?
Test used to identify individuals or catalog species
What is DNA fingerprinting?
RNA that makes up ribosomes and helps with translation
What is rRNA?
Process where amino acids are assembled into proteins at ribosomes
What is translation?
A mutation where one DNA is replaced with another
What is substitution mutation?
What is a transgenic organism?
Process of making mRNA from DNA in the nucleus
What is transcription?
Three mRNA nucleotides that code of one amino acid
What is a codon?
What is frameshift mutation?
Technique that separates DNA fragments to create a fingerprint
What is gel electrophoresis?