Urban Models
This model features a CBD with sectors radiating outward along transportation lines.
What is the Hoyt Sector Model?
The central business district is known for this type of land value.
What is highland value?
Lack of affordable housing is an example of this type of urban problem.
What is housing inequality?
A city designed primarily for automobile use.
What is a car-dependent city?
Movement of people from cities to suburbs.
What is suburbanization?
This model includes multiple centers or nodes of activity.
What is the Multiple Nuclei Model?
The area surrounding the CBD often characterized by poverty and decay.
What is the zone of transition?
Informal settlements are often found in developing cities.
What are squatter settlements (shantytowns)?
Public transportation systems like buses and subways are called this.
What is mass transit?
Movement of people back into cities.
What is reurbanization?
This model shows rings expanding outward from a central CBD.
What is the Concentric Zone Model?
The outward expansion of cities into rural areas.
What is urban sprawl?
The concentration of poverty in certain neighborhoods.
What is spatial inequality?
The daily movement of people between home and work.
What is commuting?
Renovation of deteriorated urban areas.
What is urban renewal?
This model best applies to many Latin American cities with a spine and elite residential sector.
What is the Latin American City Model (Griffin-Ford)?
A city and its surrounding suburbs that function as a single unit.
What is a metropolitan area?
When wealthier residents move in and displace lower-income residents.
What is gentrification?
Roads and highways surrounding a city to reduce congestion in the center.
What are beltways (ring roads)?
Growth outward into rural land.
What is exurbanization?
This model reflects cities in Sub-Saharan Africa with colonial CBDs and informal settlements.
What is the African City Model?
Multiple metropolitan areas that merge into one large region.
What is a megalopolis?
Environmental issue caused by excessive car use in cities.
What is air pollution (or urban pollution)?
The theory that transportation routes shape urban development.
What is bid-rent theory (or transportation-oriented development)?
Government policies that aim to improve inner cities but may displace residents.
What is redevelopment (or urban renewal policies)?