Show:
Importance of Comparing Worlds
Important Satellite Missions
To Infinity and Beyond!
The Earth of Venus(and Other Planets)
Asteroids and Comets
100

This theory of how the solar system was formed was first proposed in the 17th century and explains why the planets all orbit in the same direction on nearly the same plane. 


 What is Nebular Theory?

100

The Hubble Space Telescope, Compton Gamma Ray Observatory, Chandra X-ray Observatory, and Spitzer Space Telescope are called this and were designed to observe different wavelengths of the spectrum to get a full understanding of our universe. 

What are NASA's Four Great Observatories?
100
By measuring this property of stars we can determine if it has exoplanets based on the change in this that creates an apparent wobble to observers. If order to use the dollar effect to measure this change the wobble must be parallel to the line of sight but if it is perpendicular the slight change in position can be used. 
What is radial velocity? 
100

In the condensation theory these building blocks of the solar system were formed through the process by which atoms from the nebula condensed around dust grains and eventually larger, this process called accretion. The gravity of these objects is what allowed them to eventually form planets. 

What are Planetesimals?
100
These not so "starlike bodies" are thought be be like leftover from the beginning of the solar system that didn't form planets due to the lack of combined mass. The main belt of these rocky objects lies belt of these lie between the orbit of Mars and Jupiter. 
What are Asteroids?
200

These objects are theorized to be a byproduct of star creation during the nebular contraction, which form in the cooler outer parts of the accretion disk. In Greek this word means wanderer.

 What are planets? 

200
These twin satellites were launched in 1977 were sent to record magnetic field, radio, infrared, and visible light data on throughout the outer planets. Along with the scientific instruments was a golden record that portrayed Earth because we knew this were be the furthest probe that we have ever sent.   
What are the Voyager Missions? 
200
Using planetary transits, or a planet dimming a stars light from crossing in front of it, has allowed astronomers to discover these extrasolar bodies. They are large, hot, gaseous, and have a very close, minimaly eccentric, orbit to their parent star at usually within 0.1 A.U. or less.  
What are Hot Jupiters? 
200
When the solar system was forming this factor determined the composition and location of the planets. The heavier more metallic and rocky elements could crystallize nearer to the center of the solar system and the more gaseous and icy elements could condense due to this property. 
What is Temperature?
200
This large trans-Neptunian Object was merely discovered by accident and wasn’t truly observered by a satellite around it until July of 2015. Due to this objects eccentric orbit it actually crosses paths with the orbit of Neptune and has a companion moon that is about 1/6 that of the object itself. 
What is Pluto? 
300

By comparing the mass, the orbit, density and more scientists have been able to use comparative planetology to conclude that the internal structure and evolution of this planet was Earth like even though today the alien world has an extremely slow rotation caused by an impact like the one that formed our moon.

What is Venus?


300

This satellite was designed to study the universe as a whole and has been one of the most successful missions at discovering the origins of our universe and galaxies by studying the cosmic microwave background.


What is WMAP?
300
This layer of the Sun emits the radiation that we see.  Lying just above the convection zone the thickness at 500 km is less than 0.1 percent of the Sun's radius and it's temperature is near 5800 C. 
What is the Photosphere?
300
This process is somewhat credited for the heavy bombardment in the formation of terrestrial planets and is when small protoplanets and planetesimals are smashed apart and then accumulate on larger more massive objects allowing them to become larger. 
What is Fragmentation?
300
This asteroid, with a 540 km radius, is unlike any other bodies in the asteroid belt because based on meteorites found on Earth with a similar composition to this, basalt, it was concluded that at some point it had undergone volcanic activity possibly from being fragment left from a collision.
What is Vesta?
400

In the early solar system this property helped determine the position of the planets such as the more robust rockier terrestrial planets in the inner solar system and the gaseous Jovian giants in the outer solar system.


What is boiling point?


400
These 1969 flybys confirmed that the surface of mars was heavily cratered leading to the conclusion that Mars was a geologically dead planet.
What are the Mariner 6 and Mariner 7 missions?
400
This driving process is the source of all stars power and is a slow steady release of energy. The process is when light, positively charged particles, collide at high enough speeds the particles plow into each other which causes them to bind together due to the strong nuclear forces, resulting in a smaller mass than the two particles but lots of energy as well and the new particle being a deuteron.
What is Nuclear Fusion?
400
This theory explains multiple qualities of the Jovian planets including, why they became more massive earlier then the terrestrial planets and were able to draw matter directly from the solar nebula, why they have a similar hydrogen composition to the Sun, and how the four Jovian planets captured the gas for their atmospheres. 
What is the core-accretion theory? 
400
This region of dust and evaporated gas around a comet’s neucleus is responsible for the majority of the light you see. As the comet approaches the Sun or a star this as well as its tail increases in size and intensity to nearly the size of Jupiter because it must remit or reflect the radiation. 
What is the Coma?
500
These surface features that are not a result of any volcanic activity or cratering but a result of the core of a planet cooling and shrinking. The main place which these occur in our solar system is Mercury but these allow us to determine if other planets have also under gone this process. 
What are Scarps?
500
This flyby mission was the first to reach Mercury and sent back high resolution pictures of the cratered surface which had a large resemblance to our own moon. 
What is Mariner 10?
500
After analyzing these lines caused by specific elements emitting ad absorbing radiation at specific wavelengths in stars,  we can conclude the composition and layers of a stars atmosphere because when the radiation passes through certain elements on the outer layers it is absorbed and then remitted in a different direction.
What are Spectral Lines?
500
This idea of the inward movement of the Jovian planets is that due to friction between massive planets an inward drift would have occurred and when the Galilaeo probe found traces of gases that would not have been able to form at the current distance to The Sun it again suggested that they formed further out than they are today. 
What is Planetary Migration?
500
This bombardment of small swarms of interplanetary matter mainly from the Swift-Tuttle comet can last for several days with up to 50 meteors per hour. The radiant of this event is Perseus and is caused by the micrometeoroids colliding with Earth’s atmosphere causing them to vaporize and emit light. 
What is the Perseid Meteor Shower?