BINARY BASICS
What two digits are used to represent digital data in binary?
0 and 1
What is 101₂ in decimal?
5
What coding system gives keyboard characters decimal and binary codes?
ASCII
What are the small elements that make up a digital image called?
Pixels
What is the smallest unit of digital data?
Bit
What is a bit?
The smallest unit of digital data; it can have a value of 0 or 1.
What is 1101₂ in decimal?
13
Why is Unicode needed?
To represent a much wider range of characters, including international characters.
What is a video frame?
A single image in a sequence of images that makes up a video.
How many bits are in one byte?
8 bits
What is the difference between base 2 and base 10?
Binary uses base 2, while decimal uses base 10.
Convert 20₁₀ to binary.
10100₂
What is ASCII?
A character-coding system in which characters are represented using numerical codes.
What is sampling in digital audio?
Taking measurements of an analogue sound wave at a particular sampling rate to convert it into digital data.
Put these in order from smallest to largest:
KB, GB, MB, TB
KB → MB → GB → TB
Convert 1001₂ into decimal.
9
Convert 69₁₀ to binary.
1000101₂
How can text be represented using binary?
Each character can be assigned a numerical code, which can then be represented in binary.
How can a digital image represent colour?
Each pixel can be assigned digital/binary data representing its colour.
Give one advantage and one possible risk of cloud storage.
Advantage: Files can be accessed from different locations/devices.
Risk: It depends on internet access and can have privacy/security concerns.
Explain how place values work in a binary number.
Each position represents a power of 2, such as 8, 4, 2, and 1. Add the place values where the digit is 1.
Convert 133₁₀ to binary. Show your working.
10000101₂
Give one important difference between ASCII and Unicode.
ASCII represents a more limited set of characters, while Unicode supports a much wider range of characters and writing systems.
Explain how analogue sound becomes digital data.
The analogue sound wave is measured repeatedly at a sampling rate. These measurements are converted into digital values that the computer can store and process.
Compare HDD, SSD, portable storage, and cloud storage. Give one characteristic or use for each.