Darwin's Discoveries
Who is Charles Darwin?
Hutton and Lyell concluded that Earth is this.
What is very old and changes slowly over time?
The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its environment.
What is fitness?
Evolution is defined in genetic terms as this.
What is a change in allele frequency?
A shift in allele frequencies due to random events.
What is genetic drift?
The three patterns of biodiversity Darwin noted.
What are species vary globally, species vary locally, and species vary over time?
The scientist who suggested species evolve through used and disuse.
Who is Jean-Baptiste Lamarck?
Ther term for traits that improve an organism's chances of survival.
What are adaptations?
The main sources of genetic variation.
What are changes in genetic information?
A drastic reduction in population size, reducing genetic diversity.
What is the bottleneck effect?
Darwin's ship and the location of his famous observations.
What is the HMS Beagle and the Galapagos Islands?
Malthus's view on population growth.
What is that populations grow faster than resources, leading to competition?
Natural selection occurs when these three conditions are met.
What are struggle for existence, variations and adaptations, and survival of the fittest?
Ther term for all the genes in a population.
What is gene pool?
This occurs when a small population colonizes a new area.
When comparing fossils to living species, Darwin noticed this.
What is that some species were similar to modern ones?
The process by which humans breed organisms for desired traits.
What is artificial selection?
The principle explaining why some species go extinct while others survive.
What is natural selection?
The number of phenotypes for a trait depends on this.
What is the number of genes controlling the trait?
The five conditions needed to maintain genetic equilibrium.
What are no mutations, random mating, no natural selection, large population sizes, and no migration?
The process by which organisms change over time through descent from common ancestors.
What is evolution?
The reason variation is essential for natural selection.
What is that it provides the raw material for evolution?
The link between extinct and living species.
What is common ancestry?
The term for the trait controlled by a single gene.
What is a single-gene trait?
The principle that describes a population that is not evolving.
What is the Hardy-Weinberg principle?