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Industrialization
Populism
Organized Labor
Settlement of the West
"Jim Crow"
100
Penniless immigrant from Scotland, his steel company eventually became the largest corporation in the world.
Who is Andrew Carnegie
100
Populists were quick to adopt this precious metal as a possible form of currency...not on President Cleveland's watch!
What is silver
100
Founded in Philadelphia, this early organized labor group accepted any and all unskilled laborers into their ranks (including African-Americans, immigrants, and women).
What is the Knights of Labor
100
Lakota-Sioux "medicine man" and warrior, the "last chief to give up his rifle" when he arrived at the reservation at Standing Rock, ND.
Who is Sitting Bull
100
These laws exempted white Southerners and two subsequent generations from paying poll taxes or passing literacy tests if they were eligible to vote prior to 1867.
What are "grandfather clauses"
200
America's first "big business"; it transformed the landscape and connected the nation in ways previously unimagined.
What are the railroads
200
In securing the Democratic nomination for President in 1896, this Nebraska Populist so famously proclaimed, "You shall not press down upon the brow of history this crown of thorns! You shall not crucify mankind upon a cross of gold!"
Who is William Jennings Bryan
200
Socialist and head of American Railway Union who was influential in leading the strike at Pullman, IL.
Who is Eugene Debs
200
The mass slaughter of this mammal was carried out by both the US Army and private citizens to deprive non-settled Indians of their natural food supply and eventually drive them onto reservations.
What is the buffalo (bison)
200
An 1896 Supreme Court ruling that established the doctrine of "separate but equal" which effectively legalized segregation in Southern states.
What is Plessy v. Ferguson.
300
John Rockefeller used this particular business tactic to "join" smalller but similar competitors to his Standard Oil Company by buying them out.
What is horizontal integration/merger
300
On July 4, 1892, Populist delegates officially proclaimed their "platform" (which called for nationalization of railroads, coinage of silver into currency, direct election of US Senators, etc.) in THIS Mid-Western city.
What is Omaha, Nebraska
300
After the depression of the 1890s, this "skilled workers union" led by Samuel Gompers rose to be become the strongest and most stable of all organized labor groups.
What is American Federation of Labor
300
His "thesis" on the closing of the Western frontier equating to a "closing of a chapter of American history and democracy" became a national phenomenon in the years after his death. It has since been criticized for being too "narrow-minded" and "ethno-centric"
Who is Frederick Jackson Turner
300
Founder of the Tuskegee Institute, this African-American leader was adamant about blacks obtaining and education and work-skills (in order to dispel white stereotypes) BEFORE attempting to gain civil and political rights. His views severely clashed with fellow contemporary W.E.B. DuBois.
Who is Booker T. Washington.
400
Andrew Carnegie's famous thesis that hard work and perserveance led to success, but also "a man who dies rich, dies disgraced."
What is the "gospel of wealth"
400
This predecessor to the Populist party (which centered around the collective ownership of fields, equipment, storage, and retail) was able to secure seats in several mid-western and southern local and state legislatures in the latter 1800s.
What is the Farmers' Alliance
400
In 1886, what began as a peaceful protest in favor of an 8 hour workday, it ended in violence (and eventually the demise of the labor union supporting this protest) after a bomb killed a number of police officers trying to break up the assembly.
What is the Haymarket Riot
400
Architect of the "final plan" for Indian Assimilation, this US Senator was determined to end tribal bonds by dissolving the federal reservations and giving each Indian head of household 100+ acres of privately owned land.
Who is Henry Dawes
400
Due to systemic and deliberate processes carried out by Southern states, the number of African-Americans who were eligible to vote fell from 87% in 1872 to this percentage by the turn of the century.
What is 5%
500
Author of the seminal 1888 novel "Looking Backward," he inspired several clubs of idealistic Americans who looked to completely nationalize private property and build a "utopian community" based on the social equality propagated in the book.
Who is Edward Bellamy
500
The event that possibly "sparked" the Populist movement as the government moved American onto a "gold standard" in order to tighten up the supply of money in circulation.
What is the Panic of 1873.
500
Andrew Carnegie's notorious "right hand man" and the overseer of the Homestead Steel Mill, he became the target of striking workers (as well as a lone assassin) after he continuously cut wages and increased working hours in 1892.
Who is Henry Frick
500
This "last gasp" of self-identity among Plains Indians on reservations that gained traction in the late 1880s described how the ancestors and buffalo would return and whites would vanish if the Indians rejected white ways and held on to their tribal bonds.
What is the "Ghost Dance" movement
500
Between 1879-1880, an estimated 40,000 to 60,000 African-Americans migrated from the South to this former "bloody" state looking to own land and farm; many were only able to find work as hired laborers due to much of the land already being owned by land speculators and railroads.
What is Kansas