Vocabulary
mRNA base triplets
What are codons?
ribosomes (2 possibilities)
What are they are in both cytoplasm and the ER.
nontemplate DNA strand
this is a single promoter that serves a set of functionally related genes
What is an operon?
This is what RNA looks like
What is Single standed, has a ribose sugar, and has the base uracil?
The concept that cells are governed by a cellular chain of command.
What is the Central Dogma?
this proceeds along the mRNA in a 5' to 3' direction
What is translation?
non coding regions called intervening sequences
What are introns?
The repressor is the product of this separate gene, which is not part of the operon.
What is the regulatory gene?
The first stage of gene expression
this RNA helps a cell translate an mRNA message into protein
What is tRNA?
The site of translation
What are ribosomes?
The other regions, other than nondoding regions
What are exons?
Differences between cell types result in this.
What is differential gene expression?
The three stages of Transcription
What are Initiation, Elongation, and Termination?
these are changes in the genetic material of a cell
What are mutations?
mRNA
mRNA
What is messenger RNA?
In this, different mRNA molecules are produced from the same primary transcript, depending on which RNA segments are treated as exons and which as introns.
What is alternative RNA splicing?
The amount/number of amino acids
64 triplets, 61 code for amino acids
this is a change in an amino acid codon into a stop codon and nearly always leading to a nonfunctional protein
What is a nonsense mutation?
tRNA
Where is in the cytoplasm?
this is what gene expression is thought about
What is transcription and translation?
This is used to study genome wide expression
What are DNA microarray assays?
this is an enzyme that pries the DNA strands apart and joins together the complementary RNA nucleotides
What is RNA polymerase?