DNA Structure
DNA Replication
Protein Synthesis
Gene Regulation & Mutations
Biotechnology
100
What is the shape of DNA?
double helix
100
Which enzyme unzips the DNA molecule?
Helicase
100
What does adenine pair with in mRNA?
uracil
100
In prokaryotic cells the RNA polymerase will bind directly to the _________
*Spring is Coming TRIPLE*
Promotor
100
Small circular DNA that can be found in a bacteria cell?
plasmid
200
What is the monomer of DNA?
**Daily Double**
Nucleotide
200
In which direction can bases be added to DNA during replication? (Read DNA)
In the 3' to 5' direction
200
During RNA processing, what is added to the two ends of mRNA?
5' Cap & Poly-A Tail
200
Transcription initiation in eukaryotes cannot occur without proteins called __________.
Transcription factors
200
What is used to cut DNA into fragments?
Restriction Enzymes
300
What makes up the sides of the DNA ladder? The backbone?
deoxyribose and phosphate
300
What combines the Okazaki fragments?
DNA Ligase
300
During translation, the growing polypeptide reflects the ________ structure of a protein
Primary
300
An operon that is on until turned off is called a _____ operon.
repressible
300
What is a single strand of a double-stranded DNA that was cut with a restriction enzyme called?
sticky end
400
What type of bond links complementary bases from the two DNA strands together?
hydrogen
400
What relieves stress from the double helix when it is unwinding?
topoisomerase
400
In eukaryotes, after RNA polymerase copies the DNA, what has been made?
pre-mRNA
400
In _____ operons, repressor proteins bind to operators, unless a molecule that changes the repressor’s shape is present.
inducible
400
In gel electrophoresis, DNA moves towards the
positively charged end
500
On which carbon of deoxyribose is the nitrogen base attached?
1
500
What keeps the DNA strands separated and apart?
single stranded binding proteins
500
In mRNA processing, what is removed?
Introns
500
When an operon is turned off, it has a ____ bound to its operator, preventing transcription.
repressor
500
A technique used to make many copies of DNA fragment
PCR - Polymerase Chain Reaction