Industrialization & Innovation
Identify Henry Ford’s most important innovation.
Assembly line
Define the term “robber baron.”
Business leaders who used unfair practices
From which region did most immigrants come before 1870?
Northern and Western Europe
Identify one goal of the American Federation of Labor (AFL).
Better wages and working conditions
Identify one Progressive Era amendment.
16th, 17th, 18th Amendments
Explain why the assembly line changed factory production.
Faster production, lower costs, mass production
Identify John D. Rockefeller’s monopoly.
Standard Oil
From which regions did most immigrants come after 1870?
Southern and Eastern Europe
Why were labor unions formed?
Poor conditions, low pay
What was the goal of the Sherman Antitrust Act?
Prevent monopolies
Name one major invention that helped industrialization grow in the late 1800s.
Telephone, electricity, railroad, steam engine
Match one business leader to their industry (Rockefeller, Carnegie, Morgan, Vanderbilt).
Standard Oil 300: Rockefeller–Oil; Carnegie–Steel; Morgan–Finance; Vanderbilt–Railroads
Why did immigrants settle in eastern cities?
Factory jobs
Why did strikes like Homestead and Pullman fail?
Government supported businesses
Define the Americanization movement.
Assimilate immigrants
Explain how industrialization led to urbanization.
Jobs in cities caused population movement
Explain how monopolies limited competition.
Eliminated competitors
Describe one problem of tenement living.
Overcrowding, disease, poor sanitation
Explain how muckrakers helped cause reform.
Exposed corruption/problems
What limited child labor in the workplace?
Child Labor Laws
Identify one way industrialization changed daily life for workers.
Factory work, wage labor, crowded cities
Explain one way laissez-faire policies helped big business grow.
No government regulation
Identify one law that restricted immigration and its purpose.
Chinese Exclusion Act / Immigration Act of 1921 – limit immigration
Identify one Progressive reform and its impact on workers.
Child labor laws, safety laws, wage laws
Explain what Mark Twain meant by calling the era the “Gilded Age.”
Society looked rich but had deep problems