Homeostasis
What is homeostasis?
A tendency towards a relatively stable state of equilibrium (balance) in the body.
This body system contains the largest organ and protects the entire body.
Integumentary (skin)
What is digestion?
The breakdown of food into simple nutrients.
What are the 2 body systems involved in the cardiovascular system?
Respiratory
Circulatory
Describe 2 of the 4 main functions of the nervous system.
To sense
To learn
To store memory
To regulate the body
There are organs that are part of the digestive system that make digestive fluids to help with chemical digestion. Please list the organs that make these fluids.
3 organs that help digest carbohydrates
3 organs that help digest proteins.
2 organs that help digest fats.
Carbs = Salivary Glands, Pancreas, Small Intestine
Proteins = Stomach, Pancreas, Small Intestine
Fats = Liver, Pancreas
Electrochemical Signals
Negative Feedback Mechanisms
Lock and Key
This body system removes cellular waste products from the body.
Excretory
What are the 3 main types of nutrients the body needs?
Carbohydrates
Fats
Proteins
What are the 4 main parts of blood?
Red Blood Cells
White Blood Cells
Platelets
Plasma
What is the difference between the Peripheral and the Central nervous system?
Central Nervous System – The control center of the body containing the brain and spinal cord.
Peripheral Nervous System – A network of Neurons (Nerve Cells), that branch off of the central nervous system and connect with organs of the body.
What hormone is used to regulate blood sugar levels?
Insulin
What are the 4 levels of human body organization?
1. Cell
2. Tissue
3. Organs
4. Organ Systems
Name the 3 main organs where digestion actually occurs.
Mouth
Stomach
Small Intestine
These structures in the lungs, absorb O2 and release CO2.
Alveoli
What are the 4 main parts of the Brain?
Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Medulla (Brain Stem)
Hypothalamus
What are chemical proteins in the body that assist or speed up chemical reactions?
Enzymes
What are the 4 types of tissues?
1. Muscle
2. Nerve
3. Epithelial
4. Connective
What is the difference between Mechanical and Chemical digestion?
Mechanical digestion - food is broken down into smaller pieces by physical actions.
Chemical digestion - food is broken down by chemical reactions.
What is the difference between Pulmonary and Systemic circulation?
Pulmonary Circulation - Pulmonary Circulation is when blood is pumped to the lungs to exchange deoxygenated blood (Lacking Oxygen) for oxygenated blood (Oxygen Rich).
Systemic Circulation - Systemic Circulation is when blood is moved between the heart and parts of the body delivering oxygen, nutrients, and removing waste.
What part of the neuron receives the message?
Dendrites
Describe 3 examples of negative feedback in the body.
Respiration Rate
Temperature Control
Blood Pressure
Sugar Levels
Etc...
This body system helps protect the body from disease-causing organisms. A major part of your immune system.
Lymphatic
Which organ is the most important digesting organ and why?
Small Intestine because this is where most of the digestion and absorption of nutrients takes place.
Describe 3 differences between Veins and Arteries.
Arteries - They carry blood AWAY from the heart and they are round with thick walls of smooth muscle. Arteries are under HIGH pressure and mostly carry oxygen-rich blood. An exception is the Pulmonary Artery (to the lungs) which carries oxygen-poor blood.
Veins - They carry blood TOWARDS the heart and they are oval-shaped with thin muscular walls. Veins are under LOW pressure and mostly carry oxygen-poor blood. An exception is the Pulmonary Vein (from the lungs) which carries oxygen-rich blood. Veins also have valves to prevent the backward flow of the blood.
Describe an example of a reflex arc reaction.
When sensory neurons do not send messages to the brain, but instead directly to the synapse in the spinal cord. This allows for faster reflex actions to occur by activating spinal motor neurons without the delay of routing signals through the brain.