Geosphere
Which rock layer is the oldest? The bottom layer or top layer?
Bottom Layer
Who developed the Theory of Continental Drift?
Alfred Wegner
What were the two continents called when Pangaea split?
Laurasia & Gondwana (Gondwanaland)
What layer of Earth are the tectonic plates on?
Lithosphere
What word means "all the land" in greek?
Pangaea
What is sediment build up at the mouth of a river called?
Delta
What is an ocean ridge?
Underwater mountain with rift or valley
(i.e. Mid-Atlantic Ocean Ridge)
Is the lithosphere continuous?
No, it is made of slabs of tectonic plates.
What is the process called when the tectonic plates move, that happens in the asthenosphere?
Convection in the Mantle
Three (3) things that cause erosion.
Wind, Water, Ice
How is a canyon created?
Water erosion from a river that cuts through the land.
Three (3) types of plate boundaries.
Convergent, Divergent, Transform
When the seafloor spread, where is the older crust?
Older crust is found further away from the boundary.
Landforms created at plate boundaries. List at least two (2).
Mountain Range, Ocean Ridge, Deep Ocean Trench, Volcano
If someone finds a shelled organism that lived on the ocean floor on continental land, what does it suggest?
That area was once covered by the sea and the fossil formed millions of years ago.
When sediments are pushed together they create _______ rocks.
When sediments go through a process or change they create ______ rocks.
Sedimentary
Metamorphic
What are the three (3) types of evidence of continental drift?
Geology, Landform, & Fossils
What happens when a continental crust converge with oceanic crust?
Ocean crust subducts below the continental crust.
Two (2) rock formations that build up in caves due to deposition.
Stalactites and stalagmites
Tsunamis in deep water have (small or large) wave heights and (short or long) wave lengths. Tsunamis in shallow water have (small or large) wave heights and (short or long wave lengths).
small
long
large
short
The five (5) layers of the Geosphere.
Lithosphere, Asthenosphere, Mesophere, Outer Core, Inner Core
What proves that continental drift is still happening?
Volcanic Eruptions
Continents have come together and spread apart at least 3 times in history
Earthquakes happen regularly near faults
Tectonic processes caused the movement of Earth's plates and seafloor spreading 145 MYA and it continues to move today.
What is the difference between continental drift and slow change (weathering, erosion, deposition)?
Continental Drift is the process of continents shifting and seafloor spreading.
Slow change is the process of sediments breaking down, moving, and building up.
What data helps us determine the age of caves? (1 of 3)
The amount of water moving through the caves.
Types of rocks in the caves.
The rate at which cave formations occur over a period of time.