Earth System's
What Earth system includes all living organisms, including plants, animals, and humans?
Biosphere
What is the outermost layer of Earth, where we live?
Crust
What are the three main types of rocks?
Igneous, Metamorphic, Sedimentary
What type of rock forms from cooled lava or magma?
Igneous Rock
Which Earth system contains all of Earth’s water, including oceans, rivers, lakes, and glaciers?
Hydrosphere
What is the thickest layer of Earth, made of semi-solid rock that moves slowly?
Mantle
How does sedimentary rock form?
Compacted and cemented sediments
Which Earth layer is broken into tectonic plates?
Crust
The air we breathe is part of which Earth system?
Atmosphere
Which layer of Earth is liquid metal and responsible for creating Earth's magnetic field?
Outer Core
What process turns sedimentary rock into metamorphic rock?
Heat and pressure
Which two Earth systems are interacting when a river erodes rock?
Hydrosphere and geosphere
A volcano erupts and releases ash and lava. Which Earth system does the lava belong to?
Geosphere
What is the hottest and most dense layer of Earth, made mostly of solid iron and nickel?
Inner Core
How does magma turn into igneous rock?
Cooling and hardening
Name the two cooling processes of igneous rock.
Explain how the biosphere and hydrosphere interact during a hurricane.
Plants and animals are affected by heavy rains and flooding.
What is the process called when the mantle causes the movement of tectonic plates?
Convection
Name one way that each rock type can change into another rock type.
Igneous -> Sedimentary (weathering & erosion), Sedimentary -> Metamorphic (heat & pressure), Metamorphic -> Igneous (melting & cooling)
What process forms new land by bringing molten rock from inside the Earth to the surface?
Volcanic activity/eruption