North American Tribes
What is one example of an animal hunted or a crop grown by Native Americans?
Animals: Buffalo, deer, rabbit, fish, seals
Crops: Corn, maize, beans, squash, pumpkin, peppers
Where was the Mayan civilization located?
Southern Mexico and northern Central America
Where was the Aztec Empire located?
Central Mexico
Where was the Inca Empire located?
South America (west coast, modern day Ecuador to Chile)
What is the name for the alliance formed between the Aztecs (Tenochtitlan) and two other city-states, Texcoco and Tlacopan?
Triple Alliance
What is the name for a natural object with which an individual, clan, or group identifies itself? (Example: wooden carving of an eagle)
Totem
What were the two purposes or things being measured in the Mayan calendar?
Religious ceremonies and farming periods (for crops)
What were Aztec chinampas and what were they used for?
"Floating gardens" used for farming
Why was human sacrifice used in the Inca empire?
The capacocha ceremony included child sacrifice for special (occasional) reasons, including the death of the Sapa Inca, the birth of a royal son, or to pray to the gods to prevent a natural disaster
What was the name of the major Mayan city with a population of around 50,000 people?
Tikal
What is an example of a type of housing in Native American societies?
Longhouses, tipis, pueblo, wigwams
What was an example of a tribute payment in the Aztec empire tribute system?
Crops, textiles, natural resources, precious jewels, captives for sacrifice
What was the name of the major temple in the Aztec capital, where religious ceremonies including human sacrifice were practiced?
Templo Mayor
How did the Incans adjust their farming to adapt to their environment?
They used terrace farming by building flat steps into the mountainside to grow root vegetables
What is the name for a green or black volcanic glass found in the Valley of Mexico and used to make razor sharp weapons
Obsidian
What are the names of the 4 different regions of Native American tribes in North America?
Eastern Woodlands, the Plains, Pacific Northwest, Desert Southwest
What is a codex?
History book/text written on bark-paper, used hieroglyphs and images in Mayan recordings
What was one reason/theory for the fall of the Aztec empire?
1. Rebellions against the tribute system
2. Spanish conquest
3. European diseases
What was the name of the Incan accounting device that used knotted strings to record data?
Quipu
What was the title of the leader of the Inca's monarchy who had absolute power?
Sapa Inca
What was the name of the ceremony celebrated in Native American tribes?
Potlatch (family gave food, drink, and gifts to the community to share their rank and prosperity)
What was the Mayan Popol Vuh?
A book containing a version of the Mayan story of creation
What was the name of the Aztec capital?
Tenochtitlan
What was "mita" in the Inca Empire?
The system of labor tribute - subjects of the Inca empire had to work for the state a certain number of days every year
Pachacuti was a powerful and ambitious ruler who conquered and expanded land. Which empire/civilization was he connected to?
Inca