Trading with these two groups first brought Christianity to Africa.
Who were the Greeks and the Romans?
What is both being commercial and trading centers?
Trading with Roman Egypt, Arabia, and India primarily influenced this African kingdom.
What is Axum?
This is how trade helped early Africans develop advanced societies.
What is allowing them to trade natural resources for items they needed?
This type of social unit consists of multiple lineages stemming from a common ancestor.
What is a clan?
Frumentius, a captured Syrian servant, is credited with the growth of this.
What is Christianity?
In this way, Mali differed from Axum.
What is Mali being primarily Muslim while Axum was primarily Christian?
This was the most important aspect of Mansa Musa's hajj?
What is bringing worldwide attention to Mali?
This is how Ghana ensured that gold remained a valuable trading good.
What is controlling how much was available?
This is the main purpose of a griot.
What is preserving cultural traditions?
Under Askia Muhammad, the Songhai Empire strengthened Islam in these 4 ways.
What is appointing Muslim judges, creating laws based on the Quran, laws being written in Arabic, and having scholars learn to read Arabic?
This is one way the empires of Mali and Songhai still influence Africans to this day.
What is their language still being spoken to this day?
This is best describes how foreign lands influenced East Africa.
What is contacting through trade, leading to a multicultural mix that influenced language?
This was the main language of trade.
What was Arabic?
This is a daily part of life, going as far as nobles and kings have professionals who perform this contribution to oral tradition.
What is storytelling?
This was a key accomplishment of the people of Songhai.
What is establishing a center for Islamic learning?
The wealth of East African city-states was based on this.
What is trade?
This is the main cause of the development of Swahili culture.
What is trade from across the Indian Ocean?
This language formed from trading along the Indian Ocean.
What is Swahili?
History, poetry, folk tales, and sayings are all parts of these kinds of traditions.
What are oral traditions?
Mansa Musa made this city the center for Islamic scholarship.
What was Timbuktu?
What was rulers losing control of Gao?
These are the factors that allowed West and East African cultures to endure through the years.
What are strong traditions, commitment to sharing oral history, trade, and an intense desire to learn?
Christian traders in this area interacted with the people of Axum, eventually influencing them.
What was the Mediterranean?
This aspect of oral tradition is so important that is often used in ceremonies and accompanied by dancers.
What is music?