Topic 1 - Structure and Function of DNA and RNA
Topic 2 - DNA Replication
Topic 3 - Transcription
Topic 4 - Translation
Central Dogma Misc
100
Where is DNA located in a Eukaryotic cell?
The Nucleus
100
Which enzymes separates (unzips) the two parental strands and making them available as template strands?
Helicase
100
What is Transcription's definition?
The process by which a cell makes an mRNA copy of a piece of DNA to be used in protein synthesis.
100
What is the definition of translation.
What occurs when a cell "reads" the genetic message of mRNA and builds a chain of amino acids that will eventually fold into a protein.
100
What type of RNA is pictured here?
mRNA
200
Explain what is the primary purpose of DNA and RNA
To store and transfer heredity information.
200
During replication, one strand serves as the template and one strand is new. What is the mode of replication described as?
Semiconservative
200
Where does transcription take place?
The nucleus
200
What is the start codon of mRNA.
AUG
200
What are the three types of RNA involved in the central dogma?
mRNA, rRNA & tRNA
300
What is Chargaff's Rule or Base Pairing Rule?
There is an equal ratio of adenine and thymine and an equal ratio of cytosine and guanine. A=T, C=G
300
The separate pieces of DNA replication of the lagging strand are called what?
Okazaki fragments
300
What are the three steps of Transcription?
1) Initiation
2) Elongation
3) Termination
300
What are the three sites of elongation process of Translation?
A (activation or attachment),P (peptide), and E (exit)
300
What is the role of the anticodon?
The anticodon binds to a codon on mRNA to ensure the correct amino acid is added to the growing chain.
400
What are the small circular segments of DNA called that code for nonessential proteins and "stuff" and are mostly only found in prokaryotes?
Plasmids
400
Describe why DNA replication has both a leading and lagging strand.
DNA can only be replicated in the 5' to 3' direction causing the DNA to replicate towards and away from the replication fork.
400
The complementary mRNA code for the sequence "AGTC"
UCAG
400
What is CGA-UGU-CAG translated into Amino Acids?
Arg - Cys - Gln
400
Name the "3" scientists that discovered the structure of DNA.
Who are Franklin, Watson, and Crick?
500
What are the three main differences between RNA and DNA? (Hint* Think of the full names of them for #3)
1)DNA double stranded, RNA single stranded
2)RNA has Uracil (U), DNA has Thymine (T)
3)DNA contains the sugar deoxyribose while RNA contains ribose
500
Identify the missing enzymes or proteins in this im
age.
1) Ligase
2) SSBPs (Single strand, Binding proteins)
3) Topoisomerase
500
What is the name of the enzyme that create the mRNA copy of DNA?
RNA polymerase
500
How many amino acids are there in our bodies and how many possible codons can be made based on the triplet genetic code?
20 Amnio Acids (+ 1 Release or Stop) and 64 codons
500
In a DNA strand, there is 100 bases total, 21% of the bases are adenine, how many are guanine?
29 bases are guanine.