Renewable Energy
True or false: Renewable energy sources can be replaced naturally at current consumption rates, where as nonrenewable energy sources cannot be replaced easily
TRUE
What is the most valuable source of coal?
Anthracite
Rank these is order from most used energy source to least used: Fossil fuels, hydroelectric, nuclear
1. fossil fuels
2. hydroelectric
3. Nuclear
What do Photovoltaic (PV) Cells do?
Convert sunlight directly into direct current electricity.
How would you calculate the rate of change on a graph?
SLOPE! Rise over run
Name 2 benefits of using renewable energy sources rather than nonrenewable energy sources?
Renewable energy sources are replenishable and are virtually inexhaustible by human consumption
Name the four layers of coal formation...
peat -> lignite -> bitumen -> anthracite
Name 2 fossil fuels
coal, crude oil, and natural gas
Which of the following are often used for energy storage of wind power?
Converters, generators, batteries, or rotor blades
BATTERIES
What has been your favorite climb this quarter?
answers may vary
Name 3 examples of renewable energy sources...
Solar, wind, hydroelectricity
Define biofuels?
Biofuels: liquid fuels (ethanol, biodiesel) created from biomass (corn, sugar cane, palm oil). Used as replacement fuel sources for gasoline, primarily in vehicles
Why is natural gas often used as a fuel when countries are transitioning from nonrenewable to renewable energy sources?
Natural gas has fewer impurities than do coal and oil, so upon combustion it emits very little sulfur dioxide or particulates and much less carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Also burns more efficiently and cleanly than other sources of carbon-based fossil fuels.
True or false: Wind turbines can be constructed on either vertical or horizontal axes?
True:axes of wind turbines can be either vertical or horizontal... horizontal axis common in large-scale operations, vertical blades are perpendicular to the ground and work well in more extreme conditions
Why do people in less developed countries use wood as a primary energy source?
Wood is often readily available.
Why is there a continued widespread use of nonrenewable fossil fuels in energy production in the United States since the industrial revolution?
Established technology and transportation infrastructure for fossil fuels allows these resources to be converted into energy to meet consumer demand.
What is mixed with gasoline to create biofuels
Ethanol
Name 2 potential negative environmental effects of fossil fuel extraction?
fossil fuels create air pollutants from leaking active oil and gas wells as well as from fossil fuel transportation and processing. Asthma, earth warming, etc.
Put in order mechanical, kinetic, and electrical energy to determine the proper sequence of energy conversions that occur in a wind turbine.
kinetic -> mechanical -> electrical energy
What is a difference between biomass fired power plants and traditional fossil-fuel- burning power plants, such as coal-fired plants?
The operational costs of biomass plants are very high when compared with traditional fossil fuel plants
What is the difference between depletable and nondepletable renewables?
Depletable renewables can run out if overused(wood, charcoal, ethanol).
Nondepletables renewables do not run out if overused. (solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal)
Define subsistence fuels, give an example and explain where in the world they are currently used.
Biomass fuel sources that are easily accessible (can be found and gathered by hand): often used in developing countries as a home heating or cooking fuel
Wood (and charcoal) are two of the most common fuel sources in developing nations
True or false: Wastewater from fracking operations is injected into porous rock formation, which can induce seismic activity
True
What is an advantage of geothermal energy instead of solar farms
solar farms use large amounts of land , geothermal does not require large expanses of land for use
explain the energy transformation in hydrogen cells?
hydrogen reacts with oxygen to produce water, which releases energy