Diuretics
HCTZ can decrease potassium levels, but increase which other electrolytes? Select all that apply
A. Magnesium
B. Glucose
C. Calcium
D. Sodium
B, C
Hyperglycemia can result from fluid loss, calcium is preserved with HCTZ and can become elevated.
Propanolol is
A. Selective
B. Non selective
B. Non selective
Amlodipine decreases cardiac and vessel contractility to reduce heart rate and blood pressure.
A. True
B. False
A True
A common benign side effect of lisinopril is what?
A. Productive cough
B. Dry irritating cough
C. Wheezing
D. Bronchoconstriction
B a dry irritating cough is benign but could become worse, can switch pt to ARB
Losartan works at the kidney level, what must the nurse monitor for?
A. Urine output
B. Urine glucose
C. Urine potassium
D. Bladder scanner
A. Priority assessment is urine output as this drug has some diuretic properties.
Furosemide is very powerful, it can be used even if the patient has renal failure and is anuric?
A True
B. False
False. Furosemide will produce a response in those with kidney dysfunction, but can cause more harm in those with absolute kidney failure.
If a beta blocker is stopped abruptly, what can happen to the patient?
A. Severe hypotension
B. Rebound hypertension
C. Muscle tremors
D. Severe bradycardia
B
Calcium channel blockers work well, when initiating this medication, which vital trend would the nurse alert the PCP for?
A. BP 165/75 to 145/70
B. BP 155/82 to 110/62
C. BP 147/80 to 135/75
D. BP 177/90 to 165/86
B. A significant drop in BP from one dose should be communicated, pt is at risk of adverse effects and dosage should be evaluated.
ACE inhibitors block aldosterone ultimately, leading to fluid and sodium loss, and retention of which electrolyte?
A. Potassium
B. Sodium
C. Calcium
D. Cloride
A. Potassium is retained
Just like lisinopril, losartan can cause which electrolyte to elevate and can be potentially life threatening?
A. Sodium
B. Glucose
C. Potassium
D. Chloride
C Potassium
Mannitol is used for which conditions? Select all that apply
A. CHF
B. Anaphylaxis
C. High pressure in the brain
D. Occular pressure
C, D
Mannitol is an emergency osmotic diuretic used for high brain pressure, eye pressure or even intravascular toxin removal
Metoprolol goal is to lower heat rate and blood pressure, what vital sign would be adverse for a patient using this medication?
A. HR 70
B. HR 50
C. HR 81
D. HR 90
B HR 50 would be adverse, the blood pressure could drop too placing the patient at risk for falls.
Patients taking amlodipine may report which side effect?
A. Headache
B. Agitation
C. Restless
D. Muscle tremors
A. Headache due to changes in vessel diameter is common, educate pateitn to monitor blood pressure values and to call if <100 SBP or <60 HR.
ACE inhibitors work primarily in which organ system? Therefore it needs to be monitored closely.
A. Brain
B. Lungs
C. Kidneys
D. Liver
C. Kidneys, monitor for kidney dysfunction especially when starting the med
Spironolactone should be avoided with which other antihypertensive drug?
A. ACE inhibitors
B. Beta blockers
C. Calcium channel blockers
A. ACE inhibotors also increase potassium, risk of hyperkalemia of both types of drugs are taken together
Prazosin relaxes the blood vessel constriction, what is the overall goal of this drug?
A. Increase blood pressure
B. Decrease perfusion
C. Decrease blood pressure
D. Decrease heart rate
C. Decrease blood pressure
Lisinopril has two functions:
Increase vasoconstriction and promote diuresis.
A. True
B. False
B False, lisinopril decreases vasoconstriction by blocking angiotensin