Classification
What are the 3 domains of life?
Eukarya/Eukaryota, Archaea, Bacteria
Which man said that species change over time?
The first organic molecule to evolve
RNA
Structures resulting from a common ancestor (same structure, different function)
Homologous structure
The study of fossils is called . . .
paleontology
What is the science of classifying organisms?
Taxonomy
Which man said gradual geological processes have shaped Earth’s surface
Charles Lyell
What do we call the theory that a large prokaryotic cell engulfed a smaller bacterial cell and formed a mutualistic relationship that led to eukaryotic cells
endosymbiotic theory
Structures resulting from a similar environment (same function, different structures)
Analogous structure
breeding plants and animals to produce favorable traits is an example of . . .
artificial selection
The unit of evolution is the . . .
population
Which man said human populations grow faster than the resources they depend on
Thomas Malthus
What event occurred when evolution of autotrophs created Earth’s atmosphere, killing off early cells that had evolved without oxygen?
oxygen catastrophe
Speciation through geographic isolation
allopatric speciation
Define "fitness"
an organism's ability to survive and reproduce
According to relative dating, what could you tell about a fossil that was buried very deep in the earth?
Old
Which man went on a similar journey, made similar observations, and wrote letters to Darwin regarding his findings
Alfred Russel Wallace
The first fully terrestrial vertebrates were . . .
amniotes
Structures that organism's are still born with despite having no need for them.
Vestigial structures
What is the best way to determine whether two organisms are closely related?
DNA sequences
if the sequences are similar, they are probably closely related
From largest to smallest, name the 7 classes of the Linnaean classification system.
Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species
On Darwin's voyage, he sailed on his ship called the ____________. From his observations he wrote a book called ______________. This book detailed his theory of evolution by ___________.
HMS Beagle
On the Origin of Species
Natural Selection
Put the following in the order of when they first evolved:
LUCA, vertebrates, prokaryotes, heterotrophs, autotrophs, first organic molecules, invertebrates, eukaryotes
first organic molecules --> LUCA/prokaryotes/heterotrophs --> autotrophs --> eukaryotes --> invertebrates --> vertebrates
A single species evolves into many new species to fill available niches
Adaptive radiation
What event allowed Peter and Rosemary Grant to observe natural selection on the Galapagos Islands?
a drought