Unit 7 Review

States of Matter

100

This state has definite shape and definite volume.

solid

200

This state has definite volume but no definite shape.

liquid

300

This state has the most kinetic energy and least organized particles.

gas

400

The state of matter with the least energy and most organized pattern.

solid

500

The reason gases expand to fill any container.

gas moving freely

Phase Changes

100

The escape of particles from a liquid to a gas at the surface

evaporation

200

Gas turning into a liquid

condensation

300

Solid turning directly to gas

sublimation

400

Gas changing directly into a solid.

Deposition

500

The temperature where particles overcome attractive forces and begin to slide past each other.

Melting point

Gas Law Basics

100

Boyle's Law

P₁V₁ = P₂V₂

200

Charles's Law

V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂

300

Gay-Lussac's Law

P₁/T₁ = P₂/T₂

400

Combined Gas Law

P₁V₁/T₁ = P₂V₂/T₂

500

Ideal Gas Law

PV = nRT

Problems

100

Given: CO2 (g)
P1: 40 kPa
P2: 60 kPa
T1: 110 °C
Wanted: T2 in degrees Celsius?

300 ºC

200

Given: Xe (g)
P1: 12 PSI
P2: 20 PSI
T1: 600 K
Wanted: T2 in kelvins?

1000 K

300

Given: Kr (g)
P: 1.5741 atm
V: 49.6 L
T: 489.51 °C
Wanted: n in moles of Kr?

1.25 mol

400

Given: PH3 (g)
P1: 30 kPa
V1: 40 L
V2: 4 L
Wanted: P2 in kilopascals?

300 kPa

500

Given: CH4 (g)
P: 6000 torr
V: 7 L
T: 140 °C
Wanted: n in moles of CH4?

2 mol

Advanced Problems

100

The molar volume of a gas at STP.

22.4 L/mol

200

760 mm Hg to atm

1 atm

300

The law used to find total pressure of mixed gases.

Dalton's Law

400

Given: I2 (g)
P: 41.3126 PSI
V: 26.56 L
T: 958 K
Wanted: n in moles of I2?

0.950 mol

500

P1: 5 atm
P2: 1 atm
V1: 30 L
V2: 6 L
T2: 500 °C
Wanted: T1 in degrees Celsius?

20000 ºC