DNA Basics
DNA wraps around what?
Proteins
A characteristic, like hair color or dimples
Trait
The physical appearance of an organism
Phenotype
How many daughter cells does meiosis make?
4
The parent generation in a genetic cross.
P Generation
The shape of DNA is called this
Double helix
The passing of traits from parents to offspring.
Inheritance
Hetero means
different
what type of cells are produced by meiois?
Gametes
A diagram (family tree) that shows how traits are passed in a family.
Pedigree
Where is DNA found?
Nucleus
The process by which traits are passed from one generation to the next through genes.
Heredity
The set of genes carried by an organism
Genotype
Cell makes an exact copy of itself. Same number of chromosomes as original cell.
Mitosis
Another word for heterozygous
Hybrid
The 3 parts of nucleotides are made of?
Sugar
Phosphate
Nitrogenous base
A form of reproduction that involves two parents. Each parent contributes half of the genetic material, resulting in offspring that are genetically unique.
Sexual Reproduction
n genetics, a dominant trait is usually shown with this type of letter?
Capital letter
Who has lots of genetic variation?
Meiosis
Another word for homozygous (AA or aa
Pure-Breed
What does DNA stands for?
DeoxyriboNucleicAcid
The chance that something will happen
Probability
This scientist is known as the “Father of Genetics.
Gregor Mendel
Which process makes body cells?
Mitosis
A form of asexual reproduction in which a single cell replicates its DNA and divides into two identical cells.
Binary Fission
The name of the 4 nitrogen bases?
Adenine
Thymine
Cytosine
Guanine
A membrane-bound organelle in eukaryotic cells that contains DNA. It controls the cell’s activities, including growth, metabolism, and reproduction
Nucleus
In a cross between Tt × tt, this percent of offspring will be heterozygous
50%
Cells divide to form four cells with half the number of chromosomes as original cell.
Mitosis
Different forms of a gene
Allele
A small segment of DNA?
Gene
A type of asexual reproduction where a new organism develops as an outgrowth from the parent and may eventually separate.
Budding
In a cross between Aa × Aa, this is the probability of getting offspring with the recessive phenotype
25%
Meiosis happens in what reproductive organs?
ovaries and testes
A simple cell that does not have a nucleus or membrane bound organelles. Its DNA is found in the cytoplasm.
Prokaryotic Cell
DNA is the molecule that stores what?
Genetic information
A group of organisms born and living at the same time. It can also refer to the transfer of genetic information from parents to offspring over time.
Generation
A trait that is hidden when a dominant allele is present.
recessive
Mitosis results in cells used for this purpose in the body
growth and repair
A complex cell that contains a nucleus and specialized organelles.
Eukaryotic Cell