Causes of the Great Depression
This event in October 1929 caused stock prices to collapse and helped trigger the Great Depression.
What is the Stock Market Crash of 1929?
These shantytowns were built by homeless Americans during the Great Depression.
What are Hoovervilles?
Hoover believed the federal government should mostly do this during economic crises.
What is stay out of direct relief efforts?
This series of programs was created by Franklin D. Roosevelt to address the Great Depression.
What is the New Deal?
Which New Deal idea continues to influence American life by providing financial support to older citizens and the unemployed?
A. Social insurance programs
B. Government-owned factories
C. Emergency soup kitchens
D. Volunteer-based charities
A. Social insurance programs
This risky practice involved buying stocks with borrowed money.
What is buying on margin?
This environmental disaster mainly affected the Great Plains during the 1930s.
What is the Dust Bowl?
This philosophy relied on charities and businesses rather than the federal government.
What is voluntarism/volunteerism?
These are the three main goals of the New Deal.
What are relief, recovery, and reform?
One long-term effect of the New Deal was that many Americans began to expect the federal government to—
A. Control all private businesses
B. Avoid involvement in the economy
C. Take responsibility during economic crises
D. Eliminate poverty completely
C. Take responsibility during economic crises
This economic problem (term) occurred when farmers and factories produced more goods than people could afford to buy.
What is overproduction?
What was the primary cause of the Dust Bowl during the 1930s?
A. Earthquakes in the Great Plains
B. Industrial pollution
C. Severe drought combined with poor farming practices
D. Overpopulation of rural areas
C. Severe drought combined with poor farming practices
Which government action under President Herbert Hoover was enacted?
A. Creating public jobs programs for unemployed workers
B. Offering emergency loans to banks and major industries
C. Providing direct financial aid to struggling families
D. Establishing unemployment insurance for workers
B. Offering emergency loans to banks and major industries (Reconstruction Finance Corporation)
This New Deal program provided jobs mainly for young men doing environmental work.
What is the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)?
Which argument was most commonly used by critics of the New Deal in the 1930s?
A. It did not help businesses at all
B. It gave too much power to the federal government
C. It caused the Dust Bowl
D. It ended democratic elections
B. It gave too much power to the federal government
Which economic condition contributed to the Great Depression by limiting how much money most Americans could spend?
A. Inflation
B. Wealth inequality
C. Foreign trade
D. Government regulation
B. Wealth inequality
Okies moved to this state during the Dust Bowl.
What is California?
Why did many Americans develop a negative opinion of President Herbert Hoover during the Great Depression?
A. He supported labor unions over business owners
B. He appeared out of touch with the struggles of ordinary Americans
C. He immediately expanded social welfare programs
D. He raised taxes on lower-income citizens
B. He appeared out of touch with the struggles of ordinary Americans
This program created jobs by building roads, schools, and bridges across the country.
What is the Works Progress Administration (WPA)?
Which situation best shows how the New Deal changed the role of the federal government?
A. States handled all relief programs independently
B. Charities replaced government assistance
C. The federal government created programs to protect Americans
D. Businesses regulated themselves
C. The federal government created programs to protect Americans
Although only about 2% of Americans owned stock, the stock market crash still caused widespread economic collapse because—
A. Most Americans worked directly for the stock market
B. Farmers stopped producing crops
C. The government immediately raised taxes
D. Banks invested depositor money in the stock market
D. Banks invested depositor money in the stock market
Which of the following is a primary source that would best help a historian understand daily life during the Great Depression?
A. A modern textbook chapter analyzing the Great Depression
B. A historian’s documentary made in the 2000s
C. A photograph of people waiting in a breadline from the 1930s
D. A newspaper article from 1929 announcing the stock market crash
C. A photograph of people waiting in a breadline from the 1930s
This group of World War I veterans marched on Washington demanding early bonus payments.
What is the Bonus Army?
This New Deal law created pensions and unemployment insurance.
What is the Social Security Act?
Which statement BEST summarizes the historical significance of the New Deal?
A. It permanently ended economic recessions
B. It replaced capitalism with socialism
C. It focused only on short-term economic relief
D. It reshaped how citizens viewed the federal government’s role
D. It reshaped how citizens viewed the federal government’s role