BUGZ!
These are small animals that have 3 body regions and 3 pairs of legs (6 legs total). Their body regions are the head, thorax and abdomen.
What are insects?
Any living thing that is undesirable or harmful, especially to horticulturalists and their cultivated plants.
What are pests?
These are single-celled microorganisms that can cause the following diseases: leaf spot & blights. They have their own Domain (taxonomic rank).
What are bacteria?
What we call any unwanted plant that is growing out of place.
What is a weed?
Controlling pests with physical methods or devices such as knocking pests off of plants with a spray of water, using barriers and traps, cultivating, soil solarization, or heat treatments.
What is mechanical control?
These are small arthropods with 2 body sections and 4 pairs of legs (8 legs total). Body regions are the cephalothorax (head and thorax combined) and abdomen. They do not have wings or antennae.
What are arachnids?
A disorder caused by an infectious pathogen or agent.
What are diseases?
These organisms cannot make their own food, but absorb nutrients from a host plant. Most are spread by spores and cause the following diseases in plants: damping off, rust, powdery mildew, & galls. They have their own Kingdom.
What are fungi?
What we call a plant species that is not native to a specific area and has negative impacts on crops & the native flora and fauna.
What is invasive?
Controlling pest by using other living organisms.
What is biological control?
These are soft-bodied animals without a backbone. Includes slugs and snails. They feed on foliage and fruit of plants. It is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals.
What are mollusks?
The plant a disease attacks. It is one of the 3 conditions necessary for disease to spread. (We often use this term when referencing parasitism)
What is a host (host plant)?
These pathogens have an extremely narrow host range and are usually a threat to crops. The most common in farming is the tobacco mosaic. They are not placed in any taxonomic Domain of life since they do not have an independent self outside a living cell. (They do not have any organelles and fail to perform metabolic activities.)
What are viruses?
An environmentally sensitive approach to pest management that relies on a combination of common-sense practices. Often referred to as it's 3 letter acronym.
What is Integrated Pest Management (IPM)?
Controlling pests using pesticides, insecticides, miticides, fungicides, herbicides/weed killers, rodenticides, nematocides, molluscicides etc.
What is chemical control?
A minute arachnid which has four pairs of legs when adult, related to the ticks. Many kinds live in the soil and a number are parasitic on plants or animals.
What are mites?
These two environmental factors are favorable for the development of disease organisms.
What are moist (high humidity) and warm (high temperature)?
A plant, animal or microbe in which one or more changes have been made to the genome, typically using high-tech genetic engineering, in an attempt to alter the characteristics of an organism.
What is a Genetically Modified Organism?
The first key step to IPM is?
Identifying the pest!
Controlling pests using practices that reduce pest establishment, reproduction, dispersal, and survival. Examples are changing irrigation practices to reduce pest problems - since too much water can increase root disease and weeds, properly selecting and rotating crops, sanitizing and solarizing the soil, choosing the best planting and harvest times, using resistant varieties and certified plants, taking advantage of allelopathy and intercroping, etc.
What is cultural control?
This is the largest animal phylum and includes all insects and arachnids.
What are arthropods?
Name the 3 disease causing organisms or pathogens must be present for disease to spread.
What are bacteria, virus and fungi?
The pest’s population level or extent of crop damage at which the value of the crop destroyed exceeds the cost of controlling the pest.
What is Economic Threshold?
A type of farming that excludes the use of synthetic substances, such as pesticides, synthetic medicines or fertilizers, and genetically modified organisms.
What is organic farming?
A biological phenomenon by which an organism produces one or more biochemicals that influence the germination, growth, survival, and reproduction of other organisms.
What is Allelopathy?