The Renaissance
This Italian city is considered the birthplace of the Renaissance.
Florence (Italy)
Martin Luther’s list of complaints.
95 Theses
Galileo
A person who specializes in a field of study.
Scholar
He believed salvation came through faith alone.
Martin Luther
The Renaissance philosophy focusing on human potential and achievements was called
The practice of paying the Church for forgiveness.
Indulgences
Which of the following was NOT an advancement made during the scientific revolution?
(A) Chemistry (B) History (C) Botany (D) Zoology (E) Mathematics (F) Science
B- History
Non-religious; separate from the Church.
Secular
Discrimination against the Jewish religion during the transformations of Europe was (and is still) known as
anti-semitism
Wealthy family that funded (loaned) money to artists in Florence.
The Medici Family
This invention helped spread Martin Luther’s ideas quickly across Europe.
The Printing Press
Isaac Newton’s famous discovery.
Gravity
or
3 Laws of Motion
Movement to bring permanent change.
Reform
The Catholic group that spread the faith through education and missions.
The Jesuits
He wrote The Prince, arguing it’s better to be feared than loved.
Machiavelli
Religions founded by (1) John Calvin & (2) Martin Luther
(1) Calvinism
(2) Protestantism (Lutheranism)
Step-by-step process used to test hypotheses.
The Scientific Method
Refusing to obey or resisting authority.
Dissent or resistance
Protestant reformer who promoted predestination.
John Calvin
Identify two ways Renaissance art was different from medieval art.
1. Perspective
2. Realism
3. New colors (oil paint)
4. Not only about war and the wealthy
Two goals of the Counter-Reformation.
(1) Spread Christianity
(2) Stop people from converting to other religions (Lutheranism or Calvinism)
Hennig Brand who was alive in the 17th century during the scientific revolution. He experimented with human urine to try to convert it to gold. Although he was unsuccessful, a scientist who experimented with chemicals using the scientific method was known as an
Alchemist
Acting against an existing system to create change.
Revolution
In an effort to discredit people who did not agree with the Church and their actions, the church labeled these people as ___________ (crazy)
Heritics
How did the Renaissance, Protestant Reformation, and Scientific Revolution all challenge traditional authority in Europe—and what long-term impact did this have on the development of modern society?
Weakened the Catholic Church and their power and influence