Sparking the Powder Keg
This region of Europe was known as the "powder keg" before WWI due to its frequent nationalist revolts.
What are the Balkans?
This type of combat on the Western Front forced soldiers to live in harsh, dug-out systems and led to a long stalemate.
What is trench warfare?
This term describes the full mobilization of a nation's entire resources for war, including civilian labor and the economy.
What is total war?
At 11 a.m. on November 11, 1918, Germany sought this type of agreement to end the fighting in the war.
What is an armistice?
These councils of workers and soldiers initially cooperated with the provisional government before the Bolsheviks took them over.
What are soviets?
This member of the Black Hand assassinated the Archduke and his wife in Sarajevo.
Who is Gavrilo Princip?
This German underwater weapon was highly effective at sinking Allied ships, prompting the use of protected convoys.
What is a U-boat/submarine?
To control public opinion and sustain support for the war, governments used this method of spreading ideas to promote or damage a cause.
What is propaganda?
Woodrow Wilson proposed this list of terms for lasting peace, which called for free trade, disarmament, and a League of Nations.
What are the Fourteen Points?
This revolutionary leader adapted Marxism to Russia and led the Bolsheviks to power during the October Revolution.
Who is Vladimir Lenin?
Outraged by Germany's invasion of this neutral nation, Britain officially declared war.
What is Belgium?
Both sides used this unpredictable new weapon to try to break the trench stalemate, but it was later banned in 1925 due to its horrific injuries.
What is poison gas?
This group replaced men in factories, offices, and farms, which expanded their roles and helped them secure voting rights in several countries.
What are women?
Germany was forced to sign this 1919 document, accepting full blame for the war and agreeing to severe limits on its military.
What is the Treaty of Versailles?
During the Russian Civil War, the Communist "Reds" fought against this opposing force made up of anti-Bolsheviks.
What are the Whites?
Driven by Pan-Slavism, this large Slavic nation felt a duty to mobilize its military forces to lead and defend Serbia.
What is Russia?
While the Ottoman Empire was victorious at Gallipoli, they lost major territory like Baghdad due to this 1916 uprising.
What is the Arab Revolt?
Britain's naval blockade cut off supplies to Germany and caused severe civilian hardship by seizing this type of smuggled or prohibited goods.
What is contraband?
Because the Paris Peace Conference was dominated by Wilson, Lloyd George, and Clemenceau, this defeated alliance was completely excluded from the negotiations.
What are the Central Powers?
During the Russian Civil War, Leon Trotsky strengthened the Red Army by using strict discipline and these specific officials to ensure party loyalty.
What are commisars?
Germany gave this country a "blank check" of support, leading them to issue a harsh ultimatum to Serbia.
What is Austria-Hungary?
Germany's invasion of Belgium under the Schlieffen Plan was ultimately stopped in 1914 by this specific battle, leading to a long stalemate.
What is the First Battle of the Marne?
During total war, governments justified the conflict and encouraged funding by spreading exaggerated stories of these horrible acts committed against innocent people.
What are atrocities?
The Treaty of Versailles forced Germany to accept full blame for the war and pay these massive payments for war damages.
What are reparations?
In 1924, Joseph Stalin outmaneuvered this rival—who promoted worldwide revolution rather than socialism in one country—and forced him into exile.
Who is Leon Trotsky?