Progressive Era Reform
The Progessive tactic involved journalists exposing corruption in business and government, helping build public support and reform.
Muckraking
This alliance system contributed to the outbreak of WWI by dividing Europe into two opposing sides.
Allied Powers and Central Powers
This cultural movement centered in NY celebrated African American art, literature, and music
Harlem Renaissance
An event seen as the beginning of the Great Depression
Black Tuesday
This event in 1941 led directly to U.S. entry into WWII
Attack on Pearl Harbor
This amendment, ratified in 1913, fundamentally changed federal revenue by allowing a direct tax on individual income.
16th Amendment
This government agency, led by George Creel, was responsible for promoting pro-war propaganda in the United States
Committee on Public Information (CPI)
This economic practice contributed to the instability of the stock market by allowing investors to purchase stocks with borrowed money
Buying on Margin
Hoover policy reflecting belief in limited government and encouraged businesses to voluntarily maintain wages
voluntary cooperation
This executive order authroized the forced relocation of Japanese Americans during WWII
Executive Order 9066
Unlike laissez-faire presidents before him, this leader used the federal government to regulate big business while still believing trusts could be beneficial.
Theodore Roosevelt
These laws restricted civil liberties by criminalizing criticism of the government during wartime.
Espionage Act and Sedition Act
This 1920s immigration law established strict quotas based on national origins, heavily favoring Northern Europeans
Quota Laws
New Deal program provided jobs through large-scale public works projects
WPA (Works Progress Administration)
This campaign called for victory against fascism abroad and racism at home
Double V campaign
Progressive reformers supported this system to weaken political machines by allowing voters to directly choose party candidates.
Direct primary
This Supreme Court case upheld limits on free speech during wartime using the "clear and present danger" doctrine
Schenck vs. United States
This trial symbolized the cultural conflict between odern science and traditional religious beliefs
Scopes Trial
This cristicism of the New Deal came from the political left, arguing that Roosevelt had not gone far enugh to help the poor.
Huey Long
This wartime program marked a major shift in gender roles by encouraging women to work in industrial jobs
Rosie the Riveter/ women entering the workforce
Analyse the limitation: Despite major reforms, Progressive Era policies often failed to address this major social issue, revealing contradictions in reform movements.
Racial inequality/ failure to address civil rights for African Americans
This Migration during WWI reshaped American cities and laid the foundation for future civil rights activism.
The Great Migration
Analyze the contradiction: while the 1920s are often seen as a decade of prosperity, this underlying economic issue made the economy unstable
Overproduction/ unequal distribution of wealth
Evaluate the debate: This constitutional conflict emerged when the Supreme Court struck down New Deal programs, leading Roosevelt to propose expanding the court.
Court-packing plan/ conflict over seperation of powers.
Analyze the transformation: This wartime development both ended the Great Depression and demonstrated the power of government-direccted economic mobilization
Wartime industrial mobilization/ military production