Vocabulary
Molten rock material inside Earth.
Magma
Where does crystallization occur in regards to a volcano?
Wherever molten rock is cooling down (inside/outside)
Which of the following is not a volcano cause when a volcano is formed in the middle of a tectonic plate?
a. Subduction
b. Hot Spot
c. Spreading
d. Transform
b. Hot Spot
Underwater volcanoes are called ______________ volcanoes and produce ________ _______.
Underwater volcanoes are called Submarine Volcanoes and erupt pillow lava
Over time each eruption produces a ________ of _________ _________.
Over time each eruption produces a layer of igneous rock
The location where tectonic plates collide and one sinks under the other, destroying rock.
Subduction
When looking at the average magnitude or eruption emission volume index, which of the following volcanoes would be the biggest threat to humans and the environment?
a. EEVI - 1
b. EEVI - 2
c. EEVI - 3
d. EEVI - 4
d. EEVI - 4 (the larger the eruption emission volume index, the more ash, lava, etc. that will be erupted)
Which of our VolcaNOW volcanoes are hot spot volcanoes?
a. Kilauea
b. Mt. Saint Helens
c. Yellowstone
d. Laki
a. Kilauea & c. Yellowstone
Why does the oceanic plate sink below the continental plate?
The oceanic plate is more dense (heavier) than the continental plate
Caldera, Stratovolcano, Shield Volcano, & Fissure Volcano
The formation of a crystal from a liquid, often during cooling.
Crystallization
The average number of years between eruptions; this gives a measure of how often or how rarely a volcano erupts.
Eruption Period
What is a volcano that forms in chains and has an age pattern (youngest volcano on one end and oldest volcano on the other end)?
A Hot Spot
Where can spreading and subduction occur?
At tectonic plate boundaries (middle of the ocean, on continents, etc.)
How is igneous rock formed?
The process of cooling by crystallization of lava from a volcano.
The location where tectonic plates separate and new rock is formed.
Spreading
Where does melting occur in an active volcano?
The vent, near the mantle, near the energy source, etc.
Why do hot spot volcanoes eventually erupt?
a. The magma pushes other rocks out of the way and lava seeps out the sides
b. Hot spot volcanoes actually do not erupt, the tectonic plates move slowly over time and new rock gets formed
c. The heat from the mantle melts the rock above it turning it into lava and heats the gases inside eventually causing an eruption
c. The heat from the mantle melts the rock above it turning it into lava and heats the gases inside eventually causing an eruption
Where is the oldest igneous rock found after a fissure volcano erupts?
a. Closest to the fissure (crack)
b. Farthest from the fissure (crack)
b. Farthest from the fissure (crack)
Give an example of a type of igneous rock.
Pumice, Obsidian, Granite, Basalt, & Rhyolite.
An indicator used to describe and compare eruption size based on the volume of material erupted by a volcano.
Magnitude
Which volcano would be most disruptive/hazardous to live nearby?
a. Erupts every 1-100 years & EEVI 4
b. Erupts every 1-100 years & EEVI 3
c. Erupts every 1-10,000 years & EEVI 2
d. Erupts every 100-1,0000 years & EEVI 1
a. Erupts every 1-100 years & EEVI 4
What happens when a tectonic plate moves over a hot spot? (include a drawing or words to describe energy, matter, and flow of these)
As a tectonic plate moves over a hot spot, the thermal energy from the hot spot melts the rock above it to create magma which then eventually rises and erupts as lava later crystallizing into igneous rock.
What happens to the energy when molten rock crystallizes into igneous rock?
a. does not move
b. transfers from the Earth's surface to the interior
c. transfers from the Earth's interior to the surface
c. transfers from the Earth's interior to the surface
How do volcanoes change shape over time? Explain.
Erosion can wear down and change the shape of the igneous rock that formed the volcano.
Etc.