absolutism
this belief held that kings and queens received their authority directly from God and could not be questioned
divine right
this period was when Europeans began to challenge long-held beliefs about the universe and humanity's place in it
scientific revolution
this philosopher believed all people were born with natural rights, including life, liberty, and property
John Locke
debt
this man, often called "the father of his country," served as the first US president from 1789 to 1797
george washington
many European nations believed stability came from this system where monarchs held total control over government and society
absolutism
this model introduced by Nicolaus Copernicus argued that the earth revolved around the sun
Thomas Hobbes described government as this type of agreement between rulers and governed
social contract
revolutionaries viewed the storming of the Parisian fortress as a symbolic act against royal tyranny, whats the name of this fortress?
The Bastille
you'll find the Eiffel tower and the louvre museum in the capital of france
paris
the French ruler expanded his nation through costly wars and embodied the belief in absolute authority
King Louis XIV
instead of relying on tradition, thinkers during this period promoted knowledge gained through these two methods
observation and experimentation
the enlightenment ideals influences art and architecture, inspiring this style which reflected balance, order, and admiration for ancient civilizations
neoclassical style
he led the series of guillotine executions during the reign of terror for those suspected enemies of the revolution, who is he?
Robespierre
known for its speed, this potted feline is the fastest land animal on earth
cheetah
some monarchs tried to modernize their rule by adopting enlightenment ideas while keeping absolute authority, earning this historical title
enlightened despots
this polish astronomer introduced the heliocentric model, arguing that the earth revolved around the sun
Nicolaus Copernicus
this thinker strongly defended freedom of speech and religion.
voltaire
the legal system established by Napoleon promoted equality and fair taxation across Europe.
Napoleonic Code
john Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison, and Ringo Starr made up this legendary British rock band
beatles
the state was weakened by this specific financial trouble, though inflation was not the primary issue, but what was?
bankrupt government
this scientist used a telescope to gather evidence that contradicted the church-supported geocentric model
galileo galilei
catholic officials were alarmed by this work which challenged church authority and promoted reason.
Diderot's Encyclopedia
Napoleon's invasion of this country collapsed after his army ran out of supplies and faced a brutal winter.
Russia
the largest planet in our solar system, it is known for its "great red spot"
Jupiter