Darwin's Theory/Evolution
Any heritable trait that helps an organism survive in its environment
Adaptation
A group of organisms that can reproduce with each other and have fertile offspring
Species
A sharp reduction in the size of a population due to environmental events or human activities
Bottleneck effect
How well an organisms can survive and reproduce in an environment
Fitness
Is the science of grouping and naming organisms based on natural relationships
Taxonomy
The idea that all organisms share a common ancient ancestor
Common descent
When a physical barrier divides one population into two or more populations
Allopatric speciation
Loss of genetic variation that occurs when a new population is established by a very small number of individuals from a larger population
Founder effect
Selective breeding of plants and animals to promote the occurrence of desirable traits in offspring
Artificial selection
Developed the first method of classification separating organisms as either plant or animal, and the presence/absence of red blood
Aristotle
When two or more species reciprocally affect each other’s evolution through the process of natural selection
Co-evolution
When two populations no longer interbreed
Reproductive isolation
Selection for both extreme traits
Disruptive selection
Process by which animals that are better adapted for their environment survive and reproduce the most successfully
Natural selection
Two part naming system used to classify organisms
Binomial nomenclature
An anatomical feature that no longer seems to have a purpose in the current form of an organism of the given species.
Vestigial structure
When populations of the same species begin to develop different behaviors that are not recognized or preferred by members in another population
Behavioral isolation
Selection for moderate traits
Stabilizing selection
Change over time
Evolution
Name the 3 domains
Archaea, Bacteria, Eukarya
A structure found in different species but is similar in structure
Homologous structure
When two populations mate at different times of the year
Temporal isolation
The frequency of two alleles in a gene pool is 0.20 (A) and 0.80 (a). Assume the population is in Hardy-Weinburg equilibrium. Calculate the percentage of heterozygous individuals in the population.
p + q = 1
p^2 + 2pq +q^2 = 1
31%
Formation of a new species
Speciation
Organisms in this kingdom have cell walls made up of chitin
Fungi