Ecosystem Basics
This level of organization includes all the living and nonliving things in one area.
what is an ecosystem?
This cycle involves evaporation, condensation, and precipitation.
what is the water cycle?
broad change in populations over time
what is macroevolution?
According to the biological species concept, organisms belong to the same species if they can produce these offspring.
what are viable/fertile offspring?
Structures that are similar because of common ancestry are called these.
what are homologous structures?
A food chain shows the movement of this through an ecosystem.
what is energy?
Plants take in this gas during photosynthesis as part of the carbon cycle.
what is carbon dioxide?
This occurs when organisms with favorable traits survive and reproduce more successfully.
what is natural selection?
When two species breed at different times of year, this prezygotic barrier is occurring.
what is temporal isolation?
Wings of birds and insects are examples of these structures because they have similar functions but different origins.
what are analogous structures?
A relationship where both organisms benefit is called this.
what is mutualism?
Bacteria convert N2 into ammonium then nitrite and nitrate during this cycle.
what is the nitrogen cycle?
Bright feathers in male peacocks are an example of this type of selection.
A tiger and lion producing a sterile liger is an example of this type of postzygotic barrier.
what is reduced hybrid fertility?
Whale pelvic bones are an example of these structures.
what are vestigial structures?
When a population grows rapidly at first and then levels off near carrying capacity, it shows this type of growth.
what is logistic growth?
This cycle does NOT usually include a gas in the atmosphere.
what is the phosphorus cycle?
In Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, this variable represents the frequency of the recessive allele.
what is q?
When a geographic barrier splits a population and leads to speciation, it is called this.
what is allopatric speciation?
On a phylogenetic tree, two organisms that share a more recent common ancestor are considered more what?
what is closely related?
A population exceeds the carrying capacity of its environment and then sharply declines. This is called what (two terms)?
what is overshoot and crash?
A farmer adds too much fertilizer to a lake, causing algae blooms. Excess amounts of these two elements are most responsible.
what are nitrogen and phosphorus?
A hurricane randomly wipes out most of a population, drastically changing allele frequencies by chance. This is an example of what?
what is the bottleneck effect?
A new plant species forms instantly due to extra sets of chromosomes. This is an example of sympatric speciation through what process?
what is polyploidy?
Darwin’s finches evolving into many species adapted to different niches is an example of this pattern of evolution.
what is adaptive radiation?