Fossil Fuels
Fossil fuels are made from the remains of what two things?
1. Plants 2. Animals
What process breaks rocks into smaller pieces?
Weathering
What is the main source of energy for the water cycle?
The Sun
What do we call water falling from clouds? HINT: NOT RAIN
Precipitation
Is ocean water salty or fresh?
Salty
True or False: Fossil Fuels form quickly near the Earth's surface.
False
What process moves sediment by wind or water?
Erosion
True or False: The Sun provides thermal energy to Earth.
TRUE!
What process turns water vapor into clouds?
Condensation
True or False: Most freshwater on land originally comes from the ocean.
True!
What two conditions are needed to form fossil fuels underground?
Heat and Pressure
During which step does sediment settle out of air or water?
Deposition
Which water cycle process is most directly caused by the Sun?
Evaporation
What process moves water downhill into rivers and oceans?
Runoff
Which process separates salt from ocean water?
Evaporation
Which factor determines whether fossil fuel becomes coal, oil, or natural gas?
The type of remains (land plants or ocean organisms)
Which two processes happen BELOW the Earth's surface?
Compaction and Cementation
Why is the Sun important for evaporation?
It provides heat that changes liquid water into gas.
Which two water cycle processes add water to the ocean?
Runoff and Precipitation
What happens to the salt when ocean water evaporates?
The salt is left behind.
Why does fossil fuel formation take millions of years?
Because layers of sediment slowly add heat and pressure to buried remains.
Put these steps in order: erosion, weathering, deposition, cementation, and compaction.
Weathering, Erosion, Deposition, Compaction, and Cementation.
Which stage of the water cycle requires the MOST thermal energy, and why?
Evaporation because changing liquid to gas requires a lot of heat.
Why does condensation NOT require the Sun's Energy?
Because water vapor cools and loses energy
Explain how freshwater can come from salty ocean water during the water cycle.
Only water evaporates; salt stays behind, and the water later falls as freshwater precipitation.