Energy Pyramids
What does an energy pyramid show?
the movement of energy through organisms in a food chain
Name one reactant of photosynthesis.
energy (usually from the sun), carbon dioxide, water
A chemical changes alters the ___________ of a substance, but a physical change does not.
identity
What is an autotroph?
an organism that is able to make its own food (usually from sunlight); also called a producer
Name two examples of biogeochemical cycles.
water cycle, nitrogen cycle, carbon cycle
Which type of organism is always occupies the first trophic level?
autotroph/producer
Name one reactant of cellular respiration.
oxygen, glucose (sugar)
Rusting, rotting, digestion, baking a cake, and burning wood are all this kind of change.
chemical
What is another term for a consumer?
heterotroph
What role does photosynthesis play in the carbon cycle?
It moves carbon (in the form of carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere to producers.
Which type of organism occupies the second trophic level?
primary consumer
Name one product of photosynthesis
glucose. oxygen
Melting, freezing, evaporating, and condensing are all this kind of change.
physical
What does a tertiary consumer eat?
a secondary consumer
Name two ways carbon, in the form of carbon dioxide, is returned to the atmosphere.
cellular respiration of all organisms, burning of fossil fuels
Why do the populations of organisms decrease as you move up an energy pyramid?
the organisms are bigger and require more energy/the energy available to the population decreases
Name one product of cellular respiration.
energy (released), carbon dioxide, water
Name two indicators of a chemical change.
formation of gas bubbles, change in temperature, formation of a precipitate, change in color, formation of light
Why do the arrows point "up" in a food web?
it's the direction that energy flows
What is the role of nitrogen in the body?
building and repairing body tissue
10% of the energy from each trophic level is available to the organisms at the next trophic level. What happens to the other 90% of the energy?
It is used by organisms in their body processes (moving, eating, growing, reproducing, etc.).
Name all of the following organisms that undergo cellular respiration: javelina, wheat, mushroom, algae, bacterium.
ALL OF THEM! All organisms undergo cellular respiration!
What states that the number of atoms of every element in the reactants of a chemical reaction MUST BE EQUAL to the number of atoms of every element in the product?
Law of Conservation of Mass/Matter
Name two parts of a food web that are often NOT pictured, but necessary to sustain the web.
the sun, decomposers
Why is it necessary for bacteria in the soil to "fix" atmospheric nitrogen?
Atmospheric nitrogen cannot be used by organisms, and the bacteria change nitrogen's form so it can be used by organisms.