SOLUTIONS
What determines whether a mixture is a solution or a suspension?
Size of particles
What is molarity?
Moles of solute / Liters of solution
What ion is found in greater concentration in acids?
H+ (hydrogen/hydronium ion)
What is the relationship between pH and pOH? (what formula can we use to calculate each?)
pH + pOH = 14
How many grams of KNO3 dissolve in 100 mL of water at 50°C?
100 g
What combinations of states of matter can form solutions? (ie. solid-liquid)
- liquid-liquid
- liquid-gas
- solid-solid
- solid-gas
All of them!
How many moles of solute are in 2.5 L of a 1.0 M solution?
2.5 moles
What is the pH of a 0.001 M HCl solution?
pH = 3
What is the pOH of a solution with pH = 5?
pOH = 9
What happens when 150 g of KNO3 is added to 100 mL of water at 50°C?
It is saturated with solute at the bottom.
What type of bonding occurs between water molecules, allowing surface tension?
Hydrogen Bonding
What is the unit for molarity?
Moles per liter (mol/L)
Which solution is the most acidic: pH 3, 7, or 10?
pH 3
If a solution has pH 6, how many times more H+ ions does it have than a solution with pH 8?
100 times
How does temperature affect the solubility of NaNO3 and KNO3?
Increases
In a solution of salt water, water is the solute? The solvent?
Solute = salt
Solvent = water
If 0.202 moles of KCl are dissolved in 7.98 L, what is the molarity?
0.0253 M
What forms when an acid reacts with a base?
Water and a salt
What is the [H+] concentration of a solution with pH 4?
1 x 10-4 M
At what temperature does the solubility of NaNO3 reach 150g/100 mL?
80 degrees celcius
Explain what polarity is and use it to explain the phrase 'like dissolves like".
Polarity is the result of the uneven sharing of electrons within a molecule. One side acts as if it were positive while the other acts as if it were negative.
Polar substances will dissolve polar substances but will not dissolve nonpolar substances.
What is the molarity of a solution containing 125 g of NaCl in 4.0 L? (Molar mass of NaCl = 58.44 g/mol)
0.535 M
What products are formed when HCl and KOH react?
KCl and H2O
In pure water, how do [H+] and [OH-] compare?
[H+] = [OH-]
How many grams of NaNO3 could be dissolved in 300 mL of water at 60 degrees celsius?
300 g