Rock Cycle
What process does Sedimentary rock have to go through to result in a Metamorphic rock?
Metamorphism
4.6 billion years
What does O in the Horizon layers represent?
organic layer (decompozing matter)
How many times do you move the decimal place to the left to go from mm to m?
three
Water freezing and thawing, breaking rock is what type of weathering?
Mechanical
What are three steps cooled magma would have to go through to result in Sediments
Weathering, Transportation, and Deposition
What is urban sprawl, and what is a cause of it(pick 2)?
Expansion of Urban Areas: Government policies, Living cost, cars and highways, urban blight
What layer will you find Humus ?
Layer A/ Top soil
if a plate moved at a rate of 30 mm a year, how many m will it have moved in 80,000 years?
2,4000 M
What is soil particle size in order from smallest to largest?
clay, silt, sand
At any point rock can go through this process to be brought to the surface and begin going though weathering
Uplift and Exposure
the maximum sustainable yield of a population usually occurs at what?
At half the carrying capacity
What layer of soil horizons is largest in Deserts such as Sedona Arizona?
if the united states owns 654,000,000 hectacres. and 6% of that land us used for cattle to eat. How much total land in the US is reserved for grazing?
39,240,000
What Biome has the thickest A horizon?
Grassland
Fossils are found in what type of rock?
Sedimentary
What are the main problems associated with range land management(four total)?
Fires, overgrazing, inconsistent standards and guidelines, poor soil conditions
What is the main different between A and B layers in soil?
List the top four elements found in Earth crust with their percentages.
Oxygen 46%, Silicone 28%, Aluminum 8%, Iron 6%
What are the five primary soil formation factors?
Climate, parent material, topography, organisms and time
Give an example of each major rock type (sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous)
Sed: Coal, shale, limestone, sandstone
Metamorphic: Marbel, slate
Igneous: granite, Obsidian
What is the surface mining control and reclamation Act of 1977?
Mandates that land should be minimally disturbed during the mining process and reclaimed after mining is completed?
List all 5 layers of the soil, and characteristics of each one.
O-organic decomposing materials
A-top soil containing humus
E-Nutrients and minerals found here
B-sand silt and clay found here
C- bedrock/ slightly weathered
If on average 1 gram of gold is found in every ton of ore. How many tons of gold would be extracted with 367,830,238 tons of ore.
About 405 tons
(one million grams in a ton)
What are the four main functions of humus in the soil?
Holding of water, retains nutrients, provides soil with crumb structure, dark brown so it thaws in early spring