Law Types & Sources
What are laws that are written and passed by legislatures called?
Statutes
What does the Rule of Law require in a democratic society?
Everyone must follow the law. Nobody is above the law
Give an example of a felony.
Arson, Murder, Etc.
What do compensatory damages cover in civil cases?
Court costs, Medical Bills, and Lost wages
Which symbol of Lady Justice most directly represents impartiality and fairness, and what does it symbolize?
Her Scale
Which branch of government is primarily responsible for making laws at the national level?
Legislative Branch: Congress
This legal system is characterized by following precedents and past court decisions. This helped shape Case law in the USA and around the world.
English Common Law
In civil cases, what is the main goal of the court process?
Resolve disputes
Punishments such as probation, fines, and community service fall under what part of the criminal justice process?
Sentencing
Which modern concept grew from Natural Law ideas about rights inherent to humans?
Natural Rights
The Justinian Code is associated with which civilization?
Rome
This Branch of the Government is responsible for enforcing the law.
Executive Branch
The Ten Commandments are a foundation of which law tradition?
Israelite Law/Biblical Law
Who has the burden of proof required in criminal cases?
The government must prove the accused is guilty of the crime.
Innocent until proven guilty
What is one primary purpose of punishment in the justice system?
Deter Crime & Rehabilitate offenders
What is an example of tort law?
Personal Injury (Slip & Falls)
Which modern document reflects Natural Law ideas and protects basic human rights?
Universal declaration of Human Rights
Name one federal agency responsible for enforcing federal laws.
FBI, DEA, ICE etc..
Which ancient legal code is associated with the idea of “an eye for an eye”?
The Law of Hammurabi
At what stage do most civil cases end?
What is a typical punishment for a misdemeanor?
Community service, probation, fines, and imprisonment for less than a year
What type of damages are meant to punish extreme or reckless wrongdoing?
Punitive Damages
When must police read Miranda warnings to a suspect?
During the arrest
Which court system handles cases involving members of the armed forces?
Military Court / Law
The Napoleonic Code most directly influenced legal systems in which regions of the world?
Europe & The Americas
When a judge uses past rulings to decide a current case, what type of law is being applied?
Case Law / Precedent
Jeff was released from prison for good behavior serving 3 years of a 5 year sentence. Jeff is out of prison on?
Parole
What three elements are required to form a valid contract?
Offer, Acceptance, and Consideration
Which legal tradition emphasized written, public laws displayed for everyone to see?
The Twelve Tables
Which bodies are responsible for enforcing laws at the state level?
State Legislature