Vocab
what type of structure is similar in position and organization but have different functions
homologous structure
what is a Hypothetical relationship between groups of animals, called a phylogeny.
Used by a scientist studying phylogenetic systematics to visualize the groups of organisms being compared, how they are related, and their most common ancestors.
cladogram
What and where did darwin study
finches in the galapagos islands
"Survival of the fittest" means:
The organism best suited to the environment will survive and reproduce.
this type of adaptation deals with anatomy (ex: shape of beak)
structural
evolutionary process in which humans consciously select for or against particular features in organisms
this Compares the development of embryos of different organisms to identify similarities and differences.
embryology
The trees moths used to live on were white, but have been covered in soot from coal factories. Which moth will be more successful in this environment?
dark moth
What is the order of classification from largest to smallest
Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
give me an example of a behavioral adaption
migration, plants growing toward the light, hibernation
what happens when an interaction between organisms or species in which both require one or more resources that are in limited supply
competition
this structures that have no known function in an organism, but are remnants of structures that were function in ancestral species.
vestigial structures
The fact that all organisms have DNA as their genetic material is evidence that:
All organisms may have descended from a common ancestor
The terminology used for the scientific name of an organism.
binomial nomenclature
type of adaptation that deals with the chemical basis associated with that organism
physiological
what is the science of naming, describing, and classifying organisms.
taxonomy
How does natural selection lead to changes in a population over many generations?
Individuals with beneficial traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing those traits to the next generation.
What would happen if the environment changes drastically and no organisms have fitting adaptations?
extinction or would all die off
why do we classify things
bring order to things; help identify unknown organisms; aids in naming
what structural adaptation do ducks have that help them swim?
What Organisms that contain a spinal cord/backbone.
vertebrates
Which piece of evidence best supports the idea that different species share a common ancestor?
DNA comparison
Explain the difference between artificial and natural selection.
Artificial selection is done by humans and focuses on the traits that we find to be the most valuable to us. Natural selection is done by nature and is focused on the traits that would survive best in the environment.
What role does mutation play in evolution?
It contributes to genetic variability in populations.
shivering