Unit 9 AP Art History

1. Material & Technique

100

The type of trees Barkcloth, or masi, is made from 

what is mulberry trees

200

Materials and methods did builders use to construct Nan Madol

What is stacked massive natural basalt columns in a crisscross (log-cabin) style on artificial islets formed by coral rubble

300

The significance of the barkcloth wrapping on the staff god

What is protects and contains the ancestral power, or 'mana', of the deity

400

The wide range of materials used to create the Buk of the Torres Straight has been interpreted as evidence of the islanders _.

what is far reaching trade networks

500

how have outside influences affected the materials, techniques, and themes found in “Ahu ‘ula (explain)

• Materials: Originally, these cloaks were made from the feathers of endemic birds, such as the red 'i'iwi and yellow 'ō'ō or mamo, attached to a net of olonā fiber.
  • Outside Influence: Increased Western contact and the introduction of new diseases and invasive species led to the decline of these endemic bird populations, making the traditional feathers incredibly scarce. Post-contact, artisans began incorporating different materials or found it harder to acquire the original, rare feathers.
• Techniques: The construction relied on weaving naepuni (fine, hand-knotted mesh) from olonā fiber, with feathers attached in overlapping rows.
  • Outside Influence: The shape evolved, with smaller semi-circular capes becoming more common, which may have developed due to early foreign contact, differing from the older rectangular styles.
• Themes and Function: Traditionally, they signified divine authority and the mana (power) of the chief.
  • Outside Influence: 'Ahu 'ula became significant trade items with visiting European sea captains and, as a result, were used for diplomatic gifts, moving away from purely ceremonial use to becoming currency in trade. The influx of external materials allowed some artists to adapt while preserving the basic traditional structure.

2. People & Power

100

The Queen the Presentation of Fijian mats and tapa cloths was to.

What is Queen Elizabeth II.

200

The islanders that developed a reputation for navigation between the islands by building canoes.

What is the Marshall Islanders

300

The creator of Tamati Waka Nene.

What is Gottfried Lindauer.

400

The explorer that first recorded Turtle-shell effigies on the Torres Strait islands

What is Spanish explorer Diego de Prado

500

The ethnologists speculated that the images on the Staff God represent the creator god known as _.

What is Tangaroa?

3.Selected Works

100

A Intricate mask and figures made from plates of turtle-shell that are unique to the peoples of the Torres Strait.

What is Buk

200

Many of wooden sculptures in Nukuoro were named after male and female _. 

What is deities

300

The subject of this portrait, Tāmati Wāka Nene, was a Rangatira or _ of the Ngāti Hao people in Hokianga.

What is chief

400

The function of the Malangan sculptures and what did they symbolize (explain)

Malangan sculptures were created for a single occasion and then destroyed, symbolizing important subjects like identity, kinship, gender, death, and the spirit world.

500

What environmental, social, or political factors may have contributed to the cessation of Moai building? (explain)

what is a combination of intense environmental degradation (deforestation and soil erosion), leading to resource scarcity, and a, potential, sociopolitical shift towards the Birdman cult

4.Content & Context

100

The reason why the moai of Rapa Nui stood with their backs to the sea.

What is keeping watch over the island. 

200

The Buk mask of the Torres Strait presents imagery interpreted as representing

what is founding ancestors or cultural heroes.

300

Myths or legends are associated with Nan Madol

What is twin sorcerers—Olisihpa and Olosohpa—who used magic and a flying dragon to levitate massive basalt boulders, building the city as a sacred site 

400

an example of how Pacific art forms express cultural attitudes toward nature and the ocean

what is treating them not just as physical surroundings, but as divine, living, and familial forces that provide spiritual power, protection, and sustenance. This is reflected through the use of natural materials, functional art that facilitates navigation, and symbolic representations of sea life and spirits

500

Challenges that can arise for Pacific art in a globalized world?

what could be: 

• Loss of Intangible Heritage.
• Authenticity and Commercialization
• Logistical and Environmental Hurdles
• Cultural Appropriation and Intellectual Property

5.Vocab

100

Another name for “Ahu ‘ula

What is feather cape

200

the central building of the Māori community center

What is wharenui ?

300

The navigation charts used to train future navigators among peoples of the Pacific Islands

What is mattang ?

400

The meddo or rebbelib is a navigational chart that is not used for directions but for _. 

What is memories

500

The main function of a tapa (Explain)

What is to be used in a number of different ways, including as clothing or to wrap sacred objects