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Chapter 22
Chapter 23
Chapter 24
Chapter 25
Miscellaneous
100
Theory that states a population can change over generations because individuals that possess certain heritable traits leave more offspring than other individuals.
What is Natural Selection?
100
The major mechanism for creating new genes.
What is mutation?
100
A population or group of populations that can breed with one another and produce viable, fertile offspring.
What is a biological species?
100
The sequence in which fossils have accumulated in sedimentary rock layers called strata.
What is the fossil record?
100
The evolution of bacteria and viruses that causes them to become immune to drugs that would normally kill them.
What is Drug Resistance?
200
Name of the branch of biology concerned with naming and classifying organisms
What is Taxonomy?
200
The unpredictable fluctuation of allele frequency within a population from one generation to the next.
What is genetic drift?
200
A condition in which an organism has extra sets of chromosomes resulting from incorrect cell division.
What is polyploidy?
200
A theory stating how eukaryotic features evolved from prokaryotic cells- mitochondrion and plastids were first prokaryotes that began to live inside larger cells, and eventually evolved.
What is endosymbiosis?
200
Idea that closely related species tend to be found in the same geographic region.
What is biogeography?
300
Darwin's name for his view of unity in life, with all organisms related through descent from an ancestor that lived in the remote past.
What is descent with modification?
300
Natural selection for mating success.
What is sexual selection?
300
An area that is formed when two divergently evolved species come back into contact with each other.
What is a Hybrid Zone?
300
The movement of the plates that make up Earth's crust.
What is continental drift?
300
A diagram used by biologists to show the pattern of descent in organisms from common ancestors and their resulting homologies.
What is an evolutionary (or phylogenetic) tree?
400
The process in which humans have modified other species over many generations by selecting and breeding individuals that possess desired traits.
What is artificial selection?
400
When an organism that is heterozygous at a certain locus has greater fitness than an organisms that is homozygous. (Example: sickle cell anemia)
What is heterozygote advantage?
400
The use of biological barriers to impede separate species from producing viable hybrids. (+100- name the two types of barriers and an example of each)
What is reproductive isolation? (+100- prezygotic and postzygotic barriers= habitat isolation, temporal isolation, behavioral isolation, mechanical isolation, gametic isolation, and hybrid infertilization)
400
Name of the supercontinent formed approximately 250 million years ago.
What is Pangaea?
400
Differences between the two sexes in sexually reproducing species such as size, color, ornamentation, and behavior.
What is sexual dimorphism?
500
Homologous structures that were once necessary for the survival of an organism, but have no importance to their modern day descendants.
What are Vestigial Structures?
500
When a small population becomes isolate from a larger population and their gene pool becomes altered.
What is the founder effect?
500
The two types of speciation that can occur. (+100 describe the difference between the two types)
What is Allopatric Speciation and Sympatric Speciation? (+100 Allopatric Speciation is caused by geographic isolation, Sympatric Speciation is occurs in the same geographic area)
500
Scientists that created an experiment that duplicated the conditions of early Earth and successfully developed amino acids needed for life.
Who are Miller and Urey?
500
The equation to determine Hardy-Weinberg gene frequencies.
What is p^2 + 2pq + q^2?