Brain Anatomy
This fluid protects the brain from impacts and maintains pressure.
What is cerebrospinal fluid?
Defined as a temporary impairment of brain function
What is a concussion.
This region of the spine contains 7 vertebrae.
What is the cervical spine?
This ligament prevents hyperextension of the spine.
What is the anterior longitudinal ligament?
A herniated disc occurs when this part of the disc pushes outward and compresses nerves.
What is the nucleus pulposus?
This is the only movable bone in the skull.
What is the mandible?
Bruising of the brain that involves small hemorrhages within the cortex is known as this.
What is a cerebral contusion?
These regions of the spine have lordotic curves.
What are the cervical and lumbar regions?
This large muscle group helps maintain posture and extend the spine.
What are the erector spinae muscles?
An abnormal lateral curvature of the spine is known as this.
What is scoliosis?
This lobe of the brain is located beneath the parietal bone and plays a major role in processing sensory information.
What is the parietal lobe?
This condition can occur if an athlete sustains a second head injury before the first one heals and is life-threatening within minutes.
What is Second Impact Syndrome?
This is the weight-bearing portion of a vertebra.
What is the vertebral body?
This tough outer ring of an intervertebral disc surrounds the nucleus pulposus.
What is the annulus fibrosus?
This stress fracture commonly occurs in the vertebra and is associated with overuse in athletes.
What is spondylolysis?
This structure attaches the brain to the spinal cord.
What is the brain stem?
This type of hematoma occurs between the skull and dura mater and progresses rapidly.
What is an epidural hematoma?
The spinal cord travels through this opening in each vertebra.
What is the vertebral foramen?
This muscle assists in lateral flexion and also contributes to spinal stability.
What is the quadratus lumborum?
During a spine assessment, this exam type checks for numbness, tingling, or nerve dysfunction.
What is a neurological exam?
Name the brain’s approximate weight and the percentage of the body’s oxygen it uses.
What is ~3 pounds and 20% of the body’s oxygen supply?
Name two common symptoms listed for post-concussion syndrome.
What are headaches, tinnitus, dizziness, or confusion? (Any two)
These shock-absorbing structures lie between vertebrae (except C1–C2 and the sacrum).
What are intervertebral discs?
These two ligaments limit flexion of the spine.
What are the interspinous and supraspinous ligaments?
Name two components of a spinal injury assessment used in sports medicine.
What are observation, palpation, range of motion testing, strength testing, or neurological exams? (Any two)