Variation Nation
Define the word: Variation
Differences in traits between members of the same species.
Ability to speak french, run long distances, and dance well are all examples of __________ traits
Non-heritable
What organelle contains DNA?
The nucleus
Define: Extinction
When a species can no longer be found on Earth
What are the names of the male and female gametes?
Sperm (male) egg/ovum (female)
Weight, height, hair length are considered what type of variation?
Continuous variation
The process of male and female gametes joining together
Fertilization
If an octopus has 15 pairs of chromosomes, how many individual chromosomes does it have?
30
When two species are paired up to be bred together to get specific traits, what is this called?
Selective Breeding
When ancestors of an organism only have one code for a trait this genotype is called...
Homozygous / purebred
Things in the environment that work to reduce a population's size (ex: disease, weather, competition) are called ____________ factors
Limiting factors
Which form of asexual reproduction produces two cells that are exactly the same (identical) as the parent cell? (hint: cloning)
Binary fission
When can a recessive trait present (be shown) in an offspring?
When it is paired with another recessive trait (ex: aa or rr)
When humans intervene in reproduction and use gene editing, cloning, or selective breeding, this is called...
Artificial Selection
Attached earlobes are considered what kind of trait?
Recessive
When members of a species live to see reproductive age and pass on their genes (chosen for by natural selection) what is this called?
Fitness (Survival of the Fittest)
Cross-pollination
What is incomplete dominance?
When neither allele is expressed to its fullest, therefore the traits can blend (red flower + white flower = pink flower)
Which biome has the highest rates of biodiversity on Earth?
The tropical rainforest
What is the full name of DNA?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Darwin's finches come in many different sub-species. They are all able to live on the same islands peacefully because the occupy different niches (what they do, eat, hunt, where they live) . What is this an example of?
Resource partitioning
What is the main advantage that sexual reproduction has over asexual reproduction?
Offspring are highly variable, more resilient = higher rates of survival.
What is the difference between a gene and an allele?
Gene is an uninterrupted section of DNA, where as an allele is a version of a gene coding for a specific type of trait.
What two environmental factors influence the productivity of an ecosystem the most? (how much life an area can support)
Rainfall (water) and temperature
Name the 4 base pairs of DNA
Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine