Lesson 1
any structure or behavior that helps a living thing meet its need for survival
adaptation
Animals need _______, _______, __________ from predators, and shelter (protection from their environment) to stay alive. Animals have structures that help them meet these needs.
food, water, protection
Camouflage swerves two purposes:
1. to help ______ hide from predators
2. to help _______ hide from prey
prey
predators
a plant or animal that is harmed by a parasite
host
Many adult animals increase the survival chances of their young by _______, caring for, and _____ them from predators until the young animals are able to survive on their own.
feeding
protect
any coloring, shape, or pattern that allows a living thing to blend in to its surroundings
camouflage
Adaptations for getting __________
*sharp teeth, claws, talons, tusks
food
the movement of an animal from one location to another as the seasons change
migration
An adaptation can be a ___________ as well as a structure.
behavior
After laying eggs, a mother bird sits on them to keep them ____.
A fox digs a ____ for her family to live in.
A baby opossum clings to its mothers back for ____.
warm
hole
protection
Many plants have _______ to help gather sunlight and to conserve (save) water.
Example: Vines climb up taller objects where there is more _____. A pine tree needle has a ______ covering that helps keep it from loosing water.
adaptations
sunlight, waxy
Adaptations for ________ from predators
* speed, spines, flight, camouflage, bad odors, spikes, claws, eyes on stalks
protection
a long, deep sleep in which an animal's heart rate and breathing are much slower than normal
hibernation
Living in ____________ is one behavioral adaptation that helps animals survive.
groups
If a baby animal is born helpless, usually the _______takes care of it but sometimes the father helps.
mother
Trees loose large amounts of water through their ______. Often in cold places water is not available in winter for trees to use because it is frozen as ice and snow. Dropping their _____ before winter is an adaptation many trees have that ghelps them conserve water in winter.
leaves
leaves
Adaptations for staying _______
* thick fur, blubber, down feathers, feathers covered with oil
warm
a special way in which two different kinds of living things live together
symbiosis
Living in groups may help animals
1. Find ______
2. _________ themselves
3. _________ for their young
food
protect
care
Animals may migrate from a _________ area to a _____ one that has greater food sources. Then, they go back to the original area when spring arrives.
cool
warm
Plants that grow in very dry areas have special adaptations for ______ and _____ water.
Example: Plants may have long, shallow ______ that absob water quickly. They may also have a waxy covering and spines instead of leaves to conserve water.
getting and storing
roots
Adaptations for _______ water
*staying in shade during the day or moving about at night in hot places, using grooves on body to gather dew
conserving
a plant or animal that feeds off another living thing and harms it
parasite
Many animal groups have special names.
Examples:
- a group of lions is a ______
- a group of meerkats, ants, or termites is a ______
pride
colony
Some animals conserve energy during cold winters by _________. The body of the animal slows down so that it uses very little energy.
hibernating