Earth’s Layers
The outer layer of the Earth.
What is the crust?
A single large landmass in which the continents were joined.
What is Pangaea?
The process in which a rock is placed under stress and changes shape.
What is deformation?
Any place where gas, ash, or melted rock come out of the ground.
What is a volcano?
Ground movements that occur when blocks of rock in the Earth move suddenly and release energy.
What is an earthquake?
The layer of the Earth between the crust and the core.
What is the mantle?
The process that explains the age and magnetic patterns of sea-floor rocks.
What is sea-floor spreading?
The process in which rock bends under stress.
What is folding?
Molten rock or lava.
What is magma?
A place within Earth along a fault at which the first motion of an earthquake occurs.
What is a focus?
The center of the Earth.
What is the core?
A boundary at which two plates move past each other horizontally.
What is a transform boundary?
The stress that pushes rocks in parallel but opposite directions.
What is shear stress?
Magma that has reached Earth’s surface.
What is lava?
The point at which an earthquake originates.
What is an epicenter?
The movement of matter that results from differences in density caused by variations in temperature.
What is convection?
Forms when two plates collide.
What is a convergent boundary?
Stress that stretches or pulls rock apart.
What is tension?
The opening of a volcano.
What is a vent?
The return of rock to its original shape after elastic deformation.
What is an elastic rebound?
Match each term to its definition: mesosphere, lithosphere, asthenosphere
1) The solid, outer layer of the Earth that consists of the crust and the rigid upper part of the mantle.
2) The solid, weak layer of the mantle.
3) The strong, lower part of the mantle.
BONUS: Pieces that the lithosphere is divided into.
1) What is the lithosphere?
2) What is the asthenosphere?
3) What is the mesosphere?
BONUS: What are tectonic plates?
The process in which two plates move away from each other.
What is a divergent boundary?
Stress that squeezes or pushes rock together.
What is compression?
A location where a column of extremely hot mantle rock rises through the asthenosphere.
What is a hot spot?
The crack that forms when large blocks of rock break and move past each other.
What is a fault?