Spanish Colonization
What was the main motivation for Spanish colonization?
Gold, Glory, God
What was the economic system that controlled European colonial trade?
Mercantilism
What was the first successful English colony in North America?
Jamestown, 1607
What was the slogan colonists used to protest British taxation?
"No taxation without representation"
What was the first battle of the American Revolution?
Battle of Lexington and Concord
What treaty divided the New World between Spain and Portugal?
Treaty of Tordesillas
What colony mysteriously disappeared by 1590?
Roanoke Colony
What religious group founded Massachusetts Bay Colony?
Puritans
What 1765 British law required colonists to provide housing for soldiers?
Quartering Act
Which battle is considered the turning point of the war because it secured French support?
Battle of Saratoga
Who conquered the Aztec Empire?
Hernán Cortés
Which European country controlled the colony of New York before the British took over?
The Netherlands/Dutch
What was the significance of the Mayflower Compact?
It established self-governance for Plymouth Colony
What event in 1770 resulted in the deaths of five colonists at the hands of British soldiers?
Boston Massacre
Who was the commander of the Continental Army?
George Washington
How did the encomienda system work?
Spanish settlers were granted land and forced Native labor
What cash crop saved Jamestown and led to the colony’s expansion?
Tobacco
What system brought indentured servants to the colonies in exchange for passage to America?
Headright System
What influential pamphlet did Thomas Paine write in 1776?
Common Sense
What was the last major battle of the Revolutionary War?
Battle of Yorktown
What was the long-term impact of Spanish colonization on Native American populations?
Massive population decline due to disease and forced labor
What was the primary reason for French colonization in North America?
Fur trade and economic gain
What colony was founded by William Penn as a refuge for Quakers?
Pennsylvania
What document formally declared the American colonies’ independence from Britain?
Declaration of Independence
What treaty officially ended the Revolutionary War?
Treaty of Paris, 1783