Overall health
Some Behaviors that promote health or disease are
Diet, smoking habits, illicit drug use or excessive drinking, level of physical activity or psychological stress, and the amount of sleep we get
Chronic disease
Slow-developing, long-lasting diseases that are not contagious (e.g., heart disease, cancer, diabetes). They can be treated but not always cured.
Obesity
Excessive calorie intake; overconsumption of energy-dense, nutrient-poor food
Healthier food access
Increase the proportion of schools that offer nutritious foods and beverages outside of school meals.
Increase the proportion of Americans who have access to a food retail outlet that sells a variety of foods that are encouraged by the Dietary Guidelines.
Which lifestyle factor affects more our health
Diet
Diabetes
Short for the term diabetes mellitus, a disease characterized by abnormal utilization of glucose by the body and elevated blood glucose levels. There are three main types of diabetes: type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes.
Heart disease
Excessive body fat, high intake of trans fat, added sugar, and salt; low vegetable, fruit, fish, nuts, and whole-grain intake
Weight status
● Increase the proportion of adults who are at a healthy weight.
● Reduce the proportion of adults who are obese.
● Reduce the proportion of children and adolescents who are considered obese.
● Prevent inappropriate weight gain in youths and adults.
Which factors are not under our control
Hypertension
It is defined as blood pressure exerted inside of blood vessel walls that typically exceeds 140/90 mm Hg (millimeters of mercury).
Cancer
Low vegetable and fruit intake; excessive body fat and alcohol intake; regular consumption of processed meats
Food and nutrient consumption
-Increase the variety and contribution of vegetables, whole grains and calcium to diets.
-Reduce the consumption of calories from solid fats and added sugars, saturated fat, and sodium.
Risks of consuming Western type diets
obesity, diabetes, cancer, heart disease, and hypertension
Western type dietary patterns
Low in vegetables, fruits, whole grains, dried beans, poultry, nuts, and fish and relatively
High in meat, refined grains, sugars, calories and salt
Diabetes
Excessive body fat; low vegetable, whole grain, and fruit intake; high added sugar intake
Iron deficiency
Reduce iron deficiency among young children and females of childbearing age.
Reduce iron deficiency among pregnant females.
FTO Gene
This gene participates in processes that regulate appetite and food intake. People with the “high-risk” form of the FTO gene experience a higher lifetime risk of becoming overweight or obese compared to those who have the “low-risk” form of the gene
Foods associated with inflammation, oxidative stress (decreased and increased)
Decreased: Colorful fruits and vegetables, Dried beans, Whole grains, Fish and seafood, fish oils, Red wines, Dark chocolates, Olive oil ,Nuts, Coffee, tea
Increased: Processed and high-fat meats, High-fat dairy products, Baked products, snack foods with trans fats, Soft drinks, other high-sugar beverages, Excess alcohol, Refined grain products (rice, white bread, pastries)
Hypertension
Excessive sodium (salt) and low potassium intake; excess alcohol intake; low vegetable and fruit intake; excessive levels of body fat
Healthcare and worksite settings
Increase the proportion of physician office visits that include counseling or education related to nutrition and weight.