Chinese Philosophies
Which Chinese philosophy emphasizes respect for family, education, and social responsibilities?
Confucianism
Which religion developed over thousands of years in India without a single founder?
Hinduism
Which religion was the foundation from which Christianity developed?
Judaism
Who is considered the final prophet in Islam?
Muhammad
What is the difference between monotheism and polytheism?
Monotheism is belief in one god; polytheism is belief in multiple gods.
Which Chinese philosophy believes strict laws and harsh punishments are necessary to maintain order?
Legalism
What four experiences caused Siddhartha Gautama to question his sheltered life?
Answer: An old person, a sick person, a dead person, and a holy man (ascetic).
Which Jewish denomination generally emphasizes the strictest adherence to traditional Jewish law?
Orthodox Judaism
What are the two major branches of Islam?
Sunni and Shia
Name two ways religion has influenced civilizations throughout history.
Examples include laws, government, cultural traditions, social structures, art, and moral values.
What do Yin and Yang represent in Daoist philosophy?
Opposing but complementary forces that create balance and harmony.
In Hinduism, how are dharma and karma connected?
Fulfilling one's duties (dharma) influences the consequences of one's actions (karma).
What were the two major branches of Christianity that emerged from the Great Schism of 1054?
Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy
What Islamic holiday require muslims to fast from sunrise to sunset?
Ramadan
How can religious holidays help communities preserve their history?
They commemorate important historical events and pass traditions and shared memories between generations.
Both Confucianism and Daoism value harmony. What is one major difference in how they believe harmony is achieved?
Confucianism emphasizes social responsibilities and relationships; Daoism emphasizes living naturally and in harmony with nature.
What does the Third Noble Truth teach about suffering?
Teaches that suffering can end.
What practice involving money did Martin Luther strongly criticize in his Ninety-Five Theses?
The sale of indulgences; the idea that money could secure forgiveness or reduce punishment for sins.
What historical disagreement led to the division between Sunni and Shia Muslims?
Disagreement over who should lead the Muslim community after Muhammad's death.
How does the continued importance of the Western Wall in Judaism demonstrate historical continuity?
It shows that religious traditions and sacred places can remain meaningful across generations despite historical changes.
Why might Chinese philosophies continue to influence societies long after they were first developed?
Their teachings address lasting questions about leadership, morality, relationships, and social harmony.
How did Emperor Ashoka help spread Buddhism, and what historical evidence helps us understand his beliefs?
He promoted Buddhist-influenced moral teachings and supported Buddhism's spread; his Rock Edicts reveal the values he encouraged.
How did the Protestant Reformation demonstrate both continuity and change in Christianity?
New Protestant denominations developed and challenged Catholic authority; Christians continued to share central beliefs about Jesus and Christianity.
What is the significance of Mecca to Muslims? Give two examples.
Mecca is the holiest city in Islam, the birthplace of Muhammad, home to the Kaaba, and the destination of the Hajj pilgrimage.
Give an historical example of how religion can be both a cause of historical change and something influenced by historical events.
Examples could include: Protestant Reformation, Great Schism, Buddhism and Emperor Ashoka, Hinduism and the Caste System, Sunni-Shia Split in Islam