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Humans & the Environment
Interaction of Cultures
State-Building, Expansion & Conflict
Economic Systems
Transformation of Social Structures
100
Huge growth in population in Western Europe beginning about 1730; prelude to industrialization.
What is the Population Revolution?
100
The ending of this Hindu ritual was a particular focus of reform in India under the British and the Dutch.
What is the practice of Sati?
100
Rebellion of the British American Atlantic seaboard colonies; ended with the formation of the independent U.S.
What is American Revolution?
100
Russian minister who introduced reforms intended to placate the peasantry after the Russian Revolution of 1905; included reduction of land redemption payments and an attempt to create a market-oriented peasantry.
What are the Stolypin Reforms?
100
Charles Darwin developed this theory of evolution of species; argued that all living forms evolved through the successful ability to adapt in a struggle for survival.
What is Social Darwinism?
200
Migration into South African interior of thousands of Afrikaners seeking to escape British control.
What is the Great Trek?
200
Western culture changed because of consumer emphasis and developments in science and the arts.
What is Cultural Transformations?
200
Fought between the British and Afrikaners; British victory and post-war policies left African, population of South Africa under Afrikaner control (1899-1902)
What is the Boer War?
200
Preliminary shift away from agricultural economy; workers become full or part-time producers who worked at home in a capitalist system in which materials, work, orders, and sales depended on urban merchants; prelude to industrialization.
What is proto-industrialization? Example, Cottage Industry.
200
Alexander II in 1861 ended this in Russia.
What is Emancipation of the Serfs?
300
A type of settlement colony—as in North America and Australia—where European settlers made-up the majority of the population.
What is White Dominions?
300
A philosophy based on the ideas of Auguste Compte; stressed observation and scientific approaches to the problems of society.
What is Positivism?
300
Rebellion of the Greeks against the Ottoman Empire in 1820; a key step in the disintegration of the Turkish Balkan Empire.
What is the Greek Revolution?
300
Western-style reforms within the Ottoman Empire between 1839 and 1876; included a European-influenced constitution in 1876.
What are the Tanzimat Reforms?
300
This revolution produced major technological change and allowed some countries an advantage over others.
What is the Industrial Revolution?
400
Constructed during the 1870s and 1880s to connect European Russia with the Pacific; increased the Russian role in Asia.
What is the Trans-Siberian Railroad?
400
This belief system found new believers in Japan during Japan's period of Modernization (Hint—It's not Confucianism).
What is Shintoism?
400
Creole military officer in northern South America; won victories in Venezuela, Columbia, and Ecuador between 1817 and 1822 that led to the independent state of Gran Columbia.
Who is Simon Bolivar?
400
Encouraged Western investment in industry in Russia as part of Russsian moderanization.
What is Witte System?
400
As a result of the Industrial Revolution, higher wages and an increase in ___________ led to important alterations in popular culture.
What is Cultural Transformation or Consumerism?
500
The belief that development and underdevelopment were not stages, but were part of the same process; that development and growth of areas like western Europe were achieved at the expense of underdevelopment of dependent regions like Latin America.
What is Dependency Theory?
500
This "ism" which began prior to industrialization but took on a new form after industrialization, changed many of the interactions between cultures (some negative, some positive).
What is Imperialism?
500
Fought between Britain and Qing China beginning in 1839 to protect the British trade; British victory demonstrated Western superiority over China.
What is the Opium War?
500
Ended the Tokugawa Shogunate in Japan and began a period of reform called.
What is Meiji Restoration?
500
German socialist who saw history as a class struggle between groups out of power and those controlling the means of production; preached the inevitability of social revolution and the creation of a proletariat dictatorship; created this philosophy which resulted in a major transformation of certain social and economic classes.
What is Marxism?