DNA Structure
Forms of Inheritance
Natural Selection and Gene Flow
The Human Genome Project
Mr. Quarton
100
What base pairs are complimentary to eachother?
A and T, C and G
100
What one allele completely masks the effect of another allele, it is described as what?
Dominant
100
What is speciation?
The evolution of a new species.
100
What is a genome?
The entire set of genes contained in the shared DNA of a species.
100
What state is Mr. Quarton from?
Alaska
200
What is the monomer of DNA?
A Nucleotide
200
If someone has two copies of the recessive allele, their genotype is what?
Homozygous recessive
200
Give an example of a selective force.
Predators, food shortage, shelter shortage, climate change, etc.
200
What was the goal of the human genome project?
To sequence all of the nitrogenous bases in the human genome?
200
How many cats does Mr. Quarton have?
Two
300
What part of DNA is the same for everyone?
The sugar-phosphate backbone.
300
Height is an example of what type of trait?
Polygenic trait
300
What is it about islands that make them a hotspot for novel endemic species?
Any population that arrives there is genetically isolated from the main population, preventing gene flow.
300
Explain one of the ethical case studies of the human genome project.
One of:
Newborn screening
Genetic discrimination
Gene patenting
Therapy vs Enhancement
300
What is the name of Mr. Quarton's son?
Avery
400
What three things make up a nucleotide?
Sugar, phosphate, nitrogenous base
400
What is mendelian inheritance and what is an example of non-mendelian inheritance?
Dominant/recessive genes are mendelian.
Codominance, incomplete dominance, polygenic traits, and multiple alleles are all non-mendelian.
400
What three things have to be happening for natural selection to take place?
Variation, selective force, inheritance
400
What did the telomere-to-telomere consortium accomplish in 2022?
They sequenced 100% of the bases in the human genome?
400
What is Mr. Quarton's favorite sport?
Baseball
500
What stores information in DNA?
The sequence of the nitrogenous bases
500
The dominant phenotype presents as a black coat, the recessive phenotype presents as a brown coat.
What is the likelihood an offspring of this cross will have each genotype and phenotype?
Homozygous Dominant: 50%
Heterozygous: 50%
Black coat: 100%
500
How are natural selection and evolution different from each other?
Natural selection happens to populations on the scale of a generation or a few generations.
Evolutions is a process that can be driven by natural selection, but happens over the course of hundreds, if not thousands of generations.
500
What are the Bermuda Principles and how did they impact the field of science?
They required rapid public sharing of DNA sequence information as it was discovered, and established a precedent for information sharing that has shaped modern day science.
500
What was Mr. Quarton's summer job during college?
Charter fisherman
